國(guo)務院辦公廳關(guan)于促(cu)進建筑業持續健(jian)康發展的意見(jian)國(guo)辦發〔2017〕19號

各省(sheng)、自(zi)治區、直(zhi)轄(xia)市人民政府(fu)，國(guo)務院各部(bu)委(wei)、各直(zhi)屬(shu)機構(gou)：

建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)是國(guo)民經濟的支(zhi)柱(zhu)產(chan)業(ye)。改(gai)革(ge)開(kai)放以來，我國(guo)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)快速發(fa)展，建(jian)(jian)造(zao)能力(li)不(bu)斷增強，產(chan)業(ye)規模不(bu)斷擴大，吸納了(le)大量(liang)(liang)農村轉移勞動力(li)，帶(dai)動了(le)大量(liang)(liang)關(guan)聯產(chan)業(ye)，對經濟社(she)會發(fa)展、城(cheng)鄉建(jian)(jian)設(she)和(he)民生改(gai)善作出(chu)了(le)重要貢獻。但也(ye)要看到，建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)仍然大而不(bu)強，監(jian)管體制(zhi)機制(zhi)不(bu)健全、工程建(jian)(jian)設(she)組(zu)織方(fang)式落后(hou)、建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計水平有待(dai)提高、質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)安全事(shi)故時有發(fa)生、市(shi)場違法違規行為較(jiao)多、企(qi)業(ye)核心(xin)競爭力(li)不(bu)強、工人技能素質(zhi)偏低等問題較(jiao)為突出(chu)。為貫徹落實《中共中央 國(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)(yuan)關(guan)于進(jin)一步加(jia)強城(cheng)市(shi)規劃建(jian)(jian)設(she)管理工作的若干意見》，進(jin)一步深化建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)“放管服”改(gai)革(ge)，加(jia)快產(chan)業(ye)升級，促(cu)進(jin)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)持(chi)續健康(kang)發(fa)展，為新型城(cheng)鎮化提供支(zhi)撐，經國(guo)務(wu)院(yuan)(yuan)同意，現(xian)提出(chu)以下意見：

一、總體(ti)要求(qiu)

全(quan)面貫徹(che)黨的(de)十八大和(he)(he)十八屆二中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、三中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、四中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、五(wu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、六中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)全(quan)會以及中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)經濟工作(zuo)(zuo)會議、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)城(cheng)(cheng)鎮化(hua)(hua)工作(zuo)(zuo)會議、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)城(cheng)(cheng)市工作(zuo)(zuo)會議精神，深(shen)入貫徹(che)習(xi)近平總書記(ji)系列重要講(jiang)話(hua)精神和(he)(he)治(zhi)國理(li)政新(xin)理(li)念新(xin)思想新(xin)戰(zhan)略，認真落實(shi)黨中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)、國務(wu)院決(jue)策部署，統籌推進“五(wu)位一體(ti)”總體(ti)布(bu)局和(he)(he)協調推進“四個全(quan)面”戰(zhan)略布(bu)局，牢固樹立和(he)(he)貫徹(che)落實(shi)創(chuang)新(xin)、協調、綠色、開放、共享(xiang)的(de)發(fa)展理(li)念，堅持以推進供給側結構性改革(ge)為(wei)主線，按照適用、經濟、安全(quan)、綠色、美觀的(de)要求，深(shen)化(hua)(hua)建(jian)(jian)筑業“放管服(fu)”改革(ge)，完善監管體(ti)制(zhi)機制(zhi)，優(you)化(hua)(hua)市場環境(jing)，提升工程質(zhi)量安全(quan)水(shui)平，強(qiang)化(hua)(hua)隊伍建(jian)(jian)設，增強(qiang)企業核心競(jing)爭力，促進建(jian)(jian)筑業持續健康發(fa)展，打(da)造(zao)“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國建(jian)(jian)造(zao)”品牌。

二、深化建(jian)筑業簡政(zheng)放權改革

（一(yi)）優化資質資格(ge)管理。進一步簡化(hua)(hua)工程建設(she)(she)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)質(zhi)類(lei)別和(he)等級設(she)(she)置，減(jian)少不必要(yao)的資(zi)(zi)質(zhi)認定。選(xuan)擇部分地區開展試點，對信用良(liang)好、具有(you)相關專業(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)術能力、能夠(gou)提供足額擔保的企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)，在其資(zi)(zi)質(zhi)類(lei)別內放寬承攬業(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)范圍限制(zhi)，同時，加(jia)(jia)快(kuai)完善信用體(ti)系、工程擔保及個(ge)(ge)人(ren)執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)格(ge)等相關配(pei)套制(zhi)度，加(jia)(jia)強事(shi)(shi)中事(shi)(shi)后監管。強化(hua)(hua)個(ge)(ge)人(ren)執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)格(ge)管理，明晰注冊(ce)執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)員的權(quan)利、義務(wu)和(he)責(ze)任，加(jia)(jia)大執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)責(ze)任追究力度。有(you)序發展個(ge)(ge)人(ren)執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)事(shi)(shi)務(wu)所，推動建立個(ge)(ge)人(ren)執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)保險制(zhi)度。大力推行“互聯(lian)網+政務(wu)服務(wu)”，實行“一站式”網上審批，進一步提高(gao)建筑領域(yu)行政審批效(xiao)率。

（二）完善招(zhao)標投標制(zhi)度。加快修訂《工程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)范圍和規模標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)規定(ding)(ding)》，縮小(xiao)并嚴(yan)格界定(ding)(ding)必須(xu)進(jin)行(xing)(xing)招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)的(de)工程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)范圍，放寬(kuan)有關規模標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，防(fang)止工程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)實(shi)行(xing)(xing)招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)“一刀切”。在(zai)民(min)間投資的(de)房(fang)屋建(jian)(jian)筑工程(cheng)中(zhong)，探索由(you)建(jian)(jian)設單位自主決(jue)定(ding)(ding)發(fa)包方(fang)式。將依法必須(xu)招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)的(de)工程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)納入統(tong)一的(de)公共(gong)資源交易平(ping)臺，遵循公平(ping)、公正、公開(kai)和誠信的(de)原則，規范招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)投標(biao)(biao)行(xing)(xing)為(wei)。進(jin)一步簡化(hua)(hua)招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)投標(biao)(biao)程(cheng)序，盡快實(shi)現招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)投標(biao)(biao)交易全過程(cheng)電子化(hua)(hua)，推行(xing)(xing)網上異地評(ping)標(biao)(biao)。對依法通過競(jing)爭性(xing)談判或單一來源方(fang)式確定(ding)(ding)供應(ying)商(shang)的(de)政府(fu)采購工程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)，符合相應(ying)條件(jian)的(de)應(ying)當頒發(fa)施工許(xu)可證。

三(san)、完善工程建設組織模式

（三）加快推行工程總承包。裝(zhuang)配式(shi)建(jian)筑原則上(shang)應(ying)采用工(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包模(mo)式(shi)。政府投資工(gong)程(cheng)應(ying)完善(shan)建(jian)設管理(li)模(mo)式(shi)，帶頭推行工(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包。加快完善(shan)工(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包相關的(de)(de)招標(biao)投標(biao)、施工(gong)許可、竣工(gong)驗(yan)收等(deng)制度規定(ding)。按(an)照總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包負總(zong)(zong)責的(de)(de)原則，落實工(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包單位(wei)在(zai)工(gong)程(cheng)質量安全(quan)、進(jin)度控(kong)制、成本管理(li)等(deng)方(fang)面的(de)(de)責任。除以暫估(gu)價形式(shi)包括在(zai)工(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包范(fan)圍內且依法必須進(jin)行招標(biao)的(de)(de)項目(mu)外，工(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包單位(wei)可以直(zhi)接發包總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包合同(tong)中涵蓋(gai)的(de)(de)其他專(zhuan)業業務。

（四）培育全過(guo)程工程咨詢(xun)。鼓勵投(tou)資咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)、勘察、設計、監(jian)理、招標代理、造價(jia)等(deng)企業(ye)采取聯合經營、并購重組等(deng)方式發(fa)展全(quan)(quan)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)，培育(yu)一批具有國(guo)際水(shui)平的全(quan)(quan)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)企業(ye)。制定全(quan)(quan)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)服務技(ji)術標準和合同(tong)范(fan)本。政府(fu)投(tou)資工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)應(ying)帶頭推行全(quan)(quan)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)，鼓勵非政府(fu)投(tou)資工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)委(wei)托全(quan)(quan)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)服務。在民用(yong)建(jian)筑(zhu)項目中，充分發(fa)揮建(jian)筑(zhu)師的主導作用(yong)，鼓勵提(ti)供全(quan)(quan)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)服務。

四(si)、加強工程質量安(an)全管理(li)

（五(wu)）嚴格落實(shi)工程質(zhi)量責任。全面落實(shi)各方主(zhu)體(ti)的(de)工程質(zhi)量(liang)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，特別(bie)要強化建設(she)單位(wei)的(de)首要責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)和(he)(he)勘察、設(she)計、施(shi)工單位(wei)的(de)主(zhu)體(ti)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。嚴(yan)格執(zhi)行工程質(zhi)量(liang)終(zhong)身(shen)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)制，在建筑物明(ming)顯部位(wei)設(she)置永久(jiu)性標牌，公(gong)(gong)示(shi)質(zhi)量(liang)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)主(zhu)體(ti)和(he)(he)主(zhu)要責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)人。對違反有關規定、造成工程質(zhi)量(liang)事故(gu)的(de)，依法給予(yu)責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)單位(wei)停業(ye)(ye)整頓、降低資質(zhi)等級、吊銷資質(zhi)證書(shu)等行政處罰(fa)并通過國家企業(ye)(ye)信用信息公(gong)(gong)示(shi)系統予(yu)以(yi)公(gong)(gong)示(shi)，給予(yu)注冊執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)人員(yuan)暫停執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)、吊銷資格證書(shu)、一定時間直至終(zhong)身(shen)不得(de)進入行業(ye)(ye)等處罰(fa)。對發生工程質(zhi)量(liang)事故(gu)造成損失(shi)的(de)，要依法追(zhui)究經濟賠(pei)償責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，情節(jie)嚴(yan)重的(de)要追(zhui)究有關單位(wei)和(he)(he)人員(yuan)的(de)法律責(ze)(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)。參(can)與房地產開(kai)發的(de)建筑業(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)應依法合(he)規經營，提高住宅品質(zhi)。

（六）加強安全(quan)生產管理。全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面落實(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產責任，加強(qiang)施(shi)工現場(chang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)防(fang)護，特別要(yao)強(qiang)化對(dui)深(shen)基坑、高支模、起重(zhong)機械(xie)等危險(xian)性(xing)(xing)較大(da)的(de)(de)分(fen)部分(fen)項工程的(de)(de)管理(li)，以及(ji)對(dui)不(bu)良地(di)質(zhi)(zhi)地(di)區重(zhong)大(da)工程項目的(de)(de)風險(xian)評估或論證。推(tui)進信(xin)息(xi)技術(shu)與安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產深(shen)度(du)融合，加快建設建筑施(shi)工安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)監管信(xin)息(xi)系統，通過信(xin)息(xi)化手段(duan)加強(qiang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產管理(li)。建立健全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)覆蓋、多(duo)層次、經常性(xing)(xing)的(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產培訓制度(du)，提升(sheng)從業(ye)人(ren)員安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)素質(zhi)(zhi)以及(ji)各方主(zhu)體的(de)(de)本(ben)質(zhi)(zhi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水平(ping)。

（七）全(quan)面提(ti)高(gao)監管水(shui)平(ping)。完善工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)法律法規和管理(li)制度，健全(quan)(quan)企業(ye)負責、政(zheng)府監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管、社會監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)保障體(ti)系。強(qiang)(qiang)化政(zheng)府對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管，明確監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管范圍，落實監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管責任(ren)，加大(da)抽(chou)查抽(chou)測力度，重點加強(qiang)(qiang)對(dui)涉及公(gong)共安(an)全(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)地基基礎、主體(ti)結(jie)構等部(bu)位和竣工(gong)(gong)(gong)驗收等環節的(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)檢查。加強(qiang)(qiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)隊伍建設，監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)機(ji)構履行(xing)職能所需經費(fei)由同級財政(zheng)預算全(quan)(quan)額保障。政(zheng)府可采取購買服務的(de)(de)方式，委托(tuo)具備條件的(de)(de)社會力量(liang)(liang)進(jin)行(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)檢查。推進(jin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)標準(zhun)化管理(li)，督(du)促各方主體(ti)健全(quan)(quan)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)管控機(ji)制。強(qiang)(qiang)化對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)的(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管，選擇部(bu)分(fen)地區開展監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)單(dan)位向(xiang)政(zheng)府報告(gao)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理(li)情(qing)況的(de)(de)試點。加強(qiang)(qiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)檢測機(ji)構管理(li)，嚴厲打擊出具虛假報告(gao)等行(xing)為(wei)。推動發展工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)保險。

五、優化建筑(zhu)市場環境

（八(ba)）建立統(tong)一開放市(shi)場。打破區域市(shi)場(chang)準(zhun)入壁(bi)壘(lei)，取消各地(di)區、各行業(ye)(ye)在法(fa)律、行政(zheng)法(fa)規和國(guo)務院規定外對建筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)設置(zhi)的不合理準(zhun)入條件；嚴(yan)禁擅(shan)自設立(li)或變相設立(li)審批、備案事項，為建筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)提供公(gong)平市(shi)場(chang)環境(jing)。完善全國(guo)建筑(zhu)市(shi)場(chang)監(jian)管公(gong)共服務平臺，加(jia)快(kuai)實(shi)現(xian)與全國(guo)信用(yong)信息共享平臺和國(guo)家企(qi)業(ye)(ye)信用(yong)信息公(gong)示系統的數據共享交換。建立(li)建筑(zhu)市(shi)場(chang)主體(ti)黑名單制度，依法(fa)依規全面公(gong)開企(qi)業(ye)(ye)和個人信用(yong)記錄，接受社會監(jian)督。

（九）加(jia)強承(cheng)包履約管理。引導承(cheng)包企業以銀行(xing)(xing)保(bao)函或擔保(bao)公司保(bao)函的(de)(de)形式(shi)，向建設單位提(ti)供履約擔保(bao)。對(dui)采用(yong)常規(gui)通用(yong)技術標準(zhun)的(de)(de)政府(fu)投資工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，在原則上實行(xing)(xing)最(zui)低價(jia)(jia)中標的(de)(de)同時，有效發揮履約擔保(bao)的(de)(de)作用(yong)，防(fang)止惡意低價(jia)(jia)中標，確保(bao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)投資不(bu)超預(yu)算(suan)。嚴厲(li)查處(chu)轉(zhuan)包和違法分包等行(xing)(xing)為。完(wan)善工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)清單計價(jia)(jia)體系和工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造價(jia)(jia)信息發布機制，形成(cheng)統(tong)一的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造價(jia)(jia)計價(jia)(jia)規(gui)則，合理確定和有效控制工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)造價(jia)(jia)。

（十(shi)）規(gui)范工程價款結算。審(shen)(shen)計(ji)機關應依法加強對以政府投資(zi)為(wei)(wei)主(zhu)的(de)(de)公共工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設(she)項目的(de)(de)審(shen)(shen)計(ji)監(jian)督，建(jian)(jian)設(she)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)不得將(jiang)未(wei)完成審(shen)(shen)計(ji)作為(wei)(wei)延期(qi)(qi)工(gong)程(cheng)結算(suan)、拖(tuo)欠工(gong)程(cheng)款的(de)(de)理由。未(wei)完成竣工(gong)結算(suan)的(de)(de)項目，有關部(bu)門不予辦(ban)理產權(quan)登記。對長期(qi)(qi)拖(tuo)欠工(gong)程(cheng)款的(de)(de)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)不得批準新(xin)項目開工(gong)。嚴(yan)格執行工(gong)程(cheng)預付(fu)款制度，及時按合同約定足(zu)額向承包單(dan)(dan)位(wei)支付(fu)預付(fu)款。通過(guo)工(gong)程(cheng)款支付(fu)擔保(bao)等經濟、法律(lv)手段約束建(jian)(jian)設(she)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)履約行為(wei)(wei)，預防拖(tuo)欠工(gong)程(cheng)款。

六、提高從業人員素質(zhi)

（十一(yi)）加快培養建(jian)筑人才。積極培育既有國際視野(ye)又有民族自信(xin)(xin)的建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)師隊伍。加快(kuai)培養(yang)熟悉國際規則的建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)高(gao)級(ji)(ji)管理(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才。大力推進校企合作，培養(yang)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)專業(ye)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)才。加強工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程現(xian)場(chang)管理(li)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)員和建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)的教(jiao)育培訓。健全建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)職業(ye)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)標(biao)準(zhun)體系，全面實施建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)技(ji)術工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)職業(ye)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)鑒(jian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)制(zhi)度。發(fa)展一批建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)鑒(jian)定(ding)(ding)(ding)機構，開(kai)展建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)評價工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作。通(tong)過(guo)制(zhi)定(ding)(ding)(ding)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)場(chang)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)基本配(pei)(pei)備標(biao)準(zhun)、發(fa)布(bu)各個技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)等級(ji)(ji)和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)種的人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成本信(xin)(xin)息等方式(shi)，引導企業(ye)將工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資分配(pei)(pei)向關(guan)鍵(jian)技(ji)術技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)崗位傾斜。大力弘揚工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)匠精神(shen)，培養(yang)高(gao)素質建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)，到2020年建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)中級(ji)(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)水平(ping)以上的建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)(ren)數(shu)量(liang)達(da)到300萬，2025年達(da)到1000萬。

（十(shi)二）改革建筑用工制度。推動(dong)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)勞(lao)務企(qi)業(ye)轉(zhuan)型，大力發展木工(gong)(gong)、電工(gong)(gong)、砌筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、鋼筋(jin)制作(zuo)等以(yi)(yi)作(zuo)業(ye)為(wei)主的專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)。以(yi)(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)為(wei)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的主要載體，逐步(bu)實現建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)公司(si)化(hua)、專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)化(hua)管(guan)理。鼓勵(li)現有專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)進(jin)一(yi)步(bu)做(zuo)專(zhuan)(zhuan)做(zuo)精，增強競(jing)爭力，推動(dong)形成一(yi)批以(yi)(yi)作(zuo)業(ye)為(wei)主的建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)。促進(jin)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)農民(min)工(gong)(gong)向技術工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)轉(zhuan)型，著(zhu)力穩定和擴大建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)農民(min)工(gong)(gong)就業(ye)創業(ye)。建(jian)(jian)立(li)全國建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)管(guan)理服務信息平臺，開展建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)實名制管(guan)理，記錄(lu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)(ren)的身(shen)份(fen)信息、培訓情況、職業(ye)技能、從業(ye)記錄(lu)等信息，逐步(bu)實現全覆蓋。

（十三(san)）保護工人合法權益。全(quan)面落實(shi)勞動合(he)(he)同(tong)制(zhi)度，加大監(jian)察力(li)度，督促(cu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位與(yu)招用的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人依(yi)法(fa)(fa)簽訂(ding)勞動合(he)(he)同(tong)，到2020年基本(ben)實(shi)現勞動合(he)(he)同(tong)全(quan)覆蓋。健全(quan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資支付保(bao)障制(zhi)度，按照誰(shui)用工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)誰(shui)負責(ze)(ze)和總(zong)承包負總(zong)責(ze)(ze)的(de)(de)原則(ze)，落實(shi)企業工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資支付責(ze)(ze)任(ren)，依(yi)法(fa)(fa)按月足額發放工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資。將(jiang)存在(zai)拖欠(qian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資行為的(de)(de)企業列入(ru)黑名單，對其采(cai)取限制(zhi)市場準(zhun)入(ru)等懲戒(jie)措施(shi)，情節嚴重的(de)(de)降低資質等級(ji)。建(jian)(jian)立(li)健全(quan)與(yu)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業相適應(ying)的(de)(de)社(she)會保(bao)險參保(bao)繳費(fei)方式(shi)，大力(li)推進建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位參加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷保(bao)險。施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位應(ying)履(lv)行社(she)會責(ze)(ze)任(ren)，不斷改善建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作環境(jing)，提升職業健康水平，促(cu)進建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人穩(wen)定(ding)就業。

七、推進建筑產業現(xian)代化

（十(shi)四）推廣智能和裝配式建(jian)筑。堅持(chi)標(biao)準化(hua)設計(ji)、工(gong)廠化(hua)生產、裝(zhuang)配(pei)(pei)化(hua)施工(gong)、一體化(hua)裝(zhuang)修、信息化(hua)管理(li)、智能(neng)化(hua)應用(yong)，推動(dong)建(jian)造(zao)方式(shi)創(chuang)新，大力(li)(li)發展裝(zhuang)配(pei)(pei)式(shi)混(hun)凝(ning)土和(he)鋼(gang)結構(gou)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，在(zai)具備條件的(de)地方倡導發展現代木(mu)結構(gou)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，不斷提高裝(zhuang)配(pei)(pei)式(shi)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)在(zai)新建(jian)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)中的(de)比例。力(li)(li)爭(zheng)用(yong)10年左右的(de)時間，使裝(zhuang)配(pei)(pei)式(shi)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)占新建(jian)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面積(ji)的(de)比例達到30%。在(zai)新建(jian)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)和(he)既有建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)改造(zao)中推廣(guang)普(pu)及智能(neng)化(hua)應用(yong)，完善智能(neng)化(hua)系(xi)統運(yun)行維護機制，實現建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)舒適安全、節(jie)能(neng)高效。

（十五）提升建筑設計水平。建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計(ji)應體現地域特(te)征、民族特(te)點(dian)和(he)時代風貌，突(tu)出建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)使(shi)用功(gong)能(neng)及節(jie)(jie)能(neng)、節(jie)(jie)水、節(jie)(jie)地、節(jie)(jie)材和(he)環保(bao)等要求，提供功(gong)能(neng)適用、經(jing)濟合理、安(an)全(quan)可(ke)靠、技術(shu)先進、環境協調(diao)的建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計(ji)產品。健全(quan)適應建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計(ji)特(te)點(dian)的招標投標制度，推行(xing)設(she)計(ji)團(tuan)隊招標、設(she)計(ji)方案招標等方式(shi)。促(cu)進國內外建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計(ji)企業公平競爭，培育(yu)有國際競爭力的建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計(ji)隊伍(wu)。倡導開(kai)展建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)評論，促(cu)進建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計(ji)理念的融(rong)合和(he)升華(hua)。

（十(shi)六）加強技術研(yan)發應用。加快先(xian)進(jin)(jin)建(jian)(jian)造設(she)備、智能設(she)備的(de)(de)研(yan)發(fa)、制造和(he)推廣應用，提(ti)升各類施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)機(ji)具的(de)(de)性能和(he)效(xiao)率，提(ti)高機(ji)械化(hua)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)度(du)。限制和(he)淘汰落(luo)后、危險工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)工(gong)(gong)法，保障生產(chan)(chan)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)安全(quan)。積極支持建(jian)(jian)筑業科研(yan)工(gong)(gong)作，大幅提(ti)高技術創(chuang)新對產(chan)(chan)業發(fa)展(zhan)的(de)(de)貢獻率。加快推進(jin)(jin)建(jian)(jian)筑信(xin)息(xi)模型（BIM）技術在規劃、勘察、設(she)計、施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)和(he)運營維護全(quan)過程(cheng)的(de)(de)集成(cheng)應用，實現工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設(she)項目全(quan)生命周期數據(ju)共享和(he)信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)管理，為項目方(fang)案優化(hua)和(he)科學決策提(ti)供依據(ju)，促進(jin)(jin)建(jian)(jian)筑業提(ti)質增效(xiao)。

（十七）完善工程建設(she)標準。整合(he)精簡強制(zhi)性標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，適(shi)度提(ti)(ti)高(gao)安全、質(zhi)量(liang)、性能(neng)、健康、節能(neng)等(deng)強制(zhi)性指(zhi)標(biao)要(yao)求，逐步(bu)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)水平。積極培育團(tuan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，鼓勵具備(bei)相(xiang)應能(neng)力的(de)(de)行(xing)業協會、產業聯盟等(deng)主(zhu)體(ti)(ti)(ti)共同制(zhi)定滿足市場和(he)創新需(xu)要(yao)的(de)(de)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)，建立(li)強制(zhi)性標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)與團(tuan)體(ti)(ti)(ti)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)相(xiang)結合(he)的(de)(de)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)供(gong)給體(ti)(ti)(ti)制(zhi)，增加標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)有效(xiao)供(gong)給。及時開展標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)復審，加快標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)修訂，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)時效(xiao)性。加強科技研發與標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)制(zhi)定的(de)(de)信息(xi)溝通，建立(li)全國(guo)工程建設(she)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)專家委員(yuan)會，為(wei)工程建設(she)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)化工作提(ti)(ti)供(gong)技術支撐，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)和(he)水平。

八、加快(kuai)建(jian)筑業(ye)企業(ye)“走出去”

（十(shi)八）加強中外標準銜接。積(ji)(ji)極開(kai)(kai)展中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)外(wai)標(biao)(biao)準對(dui)比研(yan)究，適應(ying)國際通行的標(biao)(biao)準內(nei)容結構、要素指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)和(he)(he)相關(guan)術(shu)語，縮(suo)小中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國標(biao)(biao)準與國外(wai)先(xian)進標(biao)(biao)準的技術(shu)差(cha)距。加大中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國標(biao)(biao)準外(wai)文(wen)(wen)版翻譯和(he)(he)宣傳推(tui)廣力度(du)，以“一(yi)帶一(yi)路(lu)”戰略為引領，優先(xian)在對(dui)外(wai)投(tou)資、技術(shu)輸出和(he)(he)援建工程項目(mu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)推(tui)廣應(ying)用。積(ji)(ji)極參加國際標(biao)(biao)準認證、交(jiao)流等活動(dong)，開(kai)(kai)展工程技術(shu)標(biao)(biao)準的雙邊(bian)合作。到2025年，實(shi)現工程建設(she)國家標(biao)(biao)準全部有(you)外(wai)文(wen)(wen)版。

（十(shi)九）提高(gao)對外承包能(neng)力。統籌協(xie)調建(jian)(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)“走出去(qu)”，充分發(fa)揮(hui)我國(guo)(guo)(guo)建(jian)(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)在(zai)高(gao)(gao)鐵、公路、電力、港口、機場(chang)、油氣長輸管(guan)(guan)道、高(gao)(gao)層建(jian)(jian)筑等(deng)工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設(she)方面的比較優(you)勢(shi)，有(you)目(mu)標、有(you)重點(dian)、有(you)組織地(di)對(dui)(dui)外承包(bao)工(gong)程(cheng)，參與“一(yi)(yi)帶一(yi)(yi)路”建(jian)(jian)設(she)。建(jian)(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)要(yao)加(jia)大對(dui)(dui)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際標準的研究力度(du)，積(ji)極(ji)適應(ying)國(guo)(guo)(guo)際標準，加(jia)強對(dui)(dui)外承包(bao)工(gong)程(cheng)質量、履約等(deng)方面管(guan)(guan)理，在(zai)援外住房等(deng)民生項目(mu)中(zhong)發(fa)揮(hui)積(ji)極(ji)作(zuo)用(yong)。鼓勵大企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)帶動中(zhong)小企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)、沿(yan)海(hai)沿(yan)邊地(di)區企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)合作(zuo)“出海(hai)”，積(ji)極(ji)有(you)序開拓國(guo)(guo)(guo)際市場(chang)，避免惡性競爭。引導對(dui)(dui)外承包(bao)工(gong)程(cheng)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)向項目(mu)融資、設(she)計(ji)咨詢、后續運營維護管(guan)(guan)理等(deng)高(gao)(gao)附加(jia)值的領(ling)域有(you)序拓展。推動企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)提高(gao)(gao)屬地(di)化(hua)經營水平，實現與所在(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)家和地(di)區互利共贏(ying)。

（二(er)十(shi)）加大政(zheng)策(ce)扶持力度。加強建(jian)筑業“走出(chu)去”相關主管部門間的(de)溝(gou)通(tong)協調和(he)信息共享。到2025年，與大(da)部分(fen)“一帶一路”沿線(xian)國(guo)家和(he)地區(qu)簽訂雙邊工程建(jian)設合作(zuo)(zuo)備忘錄，同時爭取在雙邊自貿(mao)協定中納入相關內容，推(tui)進(jin)建(jian)設領域(yu)執業資格國(guo)際互認(ren)。綜(zong)合發揮各類金融(rong)工具的(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用，重(zhong)點(dian)支持對外經濟(ji)合作(zuo)(zuo)中建(jian)筑領域(yu)的(de)重(zhong)大(da)戰略項(xiang)目(mu)。借鑒國(guo)際通(tong)行的(de)項(xiang)目(mu)融(rong)資模式，按(an)照(zhao)風險可控、商業可持續原(yuan)則，加大(da)對建(jian)筑業“走出(chu)去”的(de)金融(rong)支持力度。

各地(di)區、各部門(men)要高度重(zhong)視(shi)深化建筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)改(gai)(gai)革工作(zuo)，健全工作(zuo)機制，明確任(ren)務分工，及時研究解決建筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)改(gai)(gai)革發展(zhan)中的重(zhong)大問題，完(wan)善(shan)相關政(zheng)策，確保按期完(wan)成各項(xiang)改(gai)(gai)革任(ren)務。加快(kuai)推動修(xiu)訂建筑(zhu)法(fa)、招標投標法(fa)等(deng)法(fa)律(lv)，完(wan)善(shan)相關法(fa)律(lv)法(fa)規(gui)。充分發揮協會商(shang)會熟悉行(xing)業(ye)(ye)、貼近企業(ye)(ye)的優(you)勢，及時反映企業(ye)(ye)訴求(qiu)，反饋政(zheng)策落實情況，發揮好規(gui)范行(xing)業(ye)(ye)秩序、建立從(cong)業(ye)(ye)人員行(xing)為準則、促進企業(ye)(ye)誠信(xin)經營等(deng)方面(mian)的自律(lv)作(zuo)用。

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　國務院辦公廳

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　2017年2月21日

（此件公開發(fa)布）