國務(wu)院辦公廳

關于促進(jin)建筑業(ye)持續健康發展的(de)意見國辦發〔2017〕19號(hao)

各(ge)省、自治區、直轄市人民政府，國務院各(ge)部委、各(ge)直屬(shu)機構：

建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)是國民經(jing)濟的(de)支柱產業(ye)(ye)。改革開放以來，我國建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)快(kuai)速(su)發展(zhan)，建(jian)造能力不斷增強(qiang)，產業(ye)(ye)規(gui)模(mo)不斷擴大(da)，吸納了大(da)量(liang)農(nong)村轉移勞動力，帶動了大(da)量(liang)關(guan)聯產業(ye)(ye)，對經(jing)濟社(she)會發展(zhan)、城(cheng)鄉(xiang)建(jian)設(she)(she)和(he)民生(sheng)改善作出(chu)了重要(yao)貢獻。但也(ye)要(yao)看到，建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)仍然(ran)大(da)而不強(qiang)，監管(guan)體制機制不健全、工程建(jian)設(she)(she)組織(zhi)方(fang)式落(luo)后、建(jian)筑(zhu)設(she)(she)計水平有(you)待提(ti)(ti)高(gao)、質量(liang)安全事故時(shi)有(you)發生(sheng)、市場(chang)違法(fa)違規(gui)行為(wei)(wei)較多(duo)、企業(ye)(ye)核心競(jing)爭力不強(qiang)、工人技(ji)能素質偏低等問(wen)題較為(wei)(wei)突出(chu)。為(wei)(wei)貫(guan)徹落(luo)實《中共中央 國務(wu)院(yuan)關(guan)于進(jin)一步加(jia)強(qiang)城(cheng)市規(gui)劃建(jian)設(she)(she)管(guan)理工作的(de)若干意見(jian)》，進(jin)一步深化建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)“放管(guan)服”改革，加(jia)快(kuai)產業(ye)(ye)升級，促(cu)進(jin)建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)持續健康發展(zhan)，為(wei)(wei)新(xin)型城(cheng)鎮化提(ti)(ti)供支撐，經(jing)國務(wu)院(yuan)同(tong)意，現提(ti)(ti)出(chu)以下意見(jian)：

一、總(zong)體(ti)要求

全面貫徹黨的十八大和十八屆二(er)中(zhong)、三中(zhong)、四中(zhong)、五中(zhong)、六中(zhong)全會(hui)以及中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)經濟(ji)工作會(hui)議、中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)城(cheng)鎮(zhen)化工作會(hui)議、中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)工作會(hui)議精(jing)神，深入(ru)貫徹習近平總書記系(xi)列重(zhong)要(yao)講話(hua)精(jing)神和治國理政(zheng)新(xin)(xin)理念(nian)新(xin)(xin)思想(xiang)新(xin)(xin)戰(zhan)(zhan)略，認(ren)真(zhen)落實黨中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)、國務(wu)院決策部(bu)署，統(tong)籌推(tui)進(jin)(jin)“五位一(yi)體(ti)(ti)”總體(ti)(ti)布局和協(xie)調推(tui)進(jin)(jin)“四個全面”戰(zhan)(zhan)略布局，牢固樹立和貫徹落實創新(xin)(xin)、協(xie)調、綠(lv)色(se)、開放、共享(xiang)的發(fa)(fa)展理念(nian)，堅持以推(tui)進(jin)(jin)供給側結構性改(gai)革(ge)(ge)為主線，按照適(shi)用、經濟(ji)、安全、綠(lv)色(se)、美觀的要(yao)求(qiu)，深化建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)“放管服”改(gai)革(ge)(ge)，完善監(jian)管體(ti)(ti)制(zhi)機(ji)制(zhi)，優化市(shi)(shi)場環境，提升工程(cheng)質量安全水平，強化隊伍建(jian)設，增強企業(ye)(ye)核心競爭力，促進(jin)(jin)建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)持續健康(kang)發(fa)(fa)展，打(da)造“中(zhong)國建(jian)造”品牌(pai)。

二、深(shen)化(hua)建筑業簡政放權改革

（一）優化(hua)(hua)資(zi)質資(zi)格(ge)管(guan)理(li)。進一步簡化(hua)(hua)工程(cheng)建設企業(ye)(ye)資(zi)質類別和等級設置，減少不必要的(de)資(zi)質認定。選擇部(bu)分地區開展試(shi)點，對信用良好、具(ju)有相(xiang)關專業(ye)(ye)技術(shu)能力、能夠提供(gong)足額擔保的(de)企業(ye)(ye)，在其資(zi)質類別內放寬(kuan)承攬業(ye)(ye)務(wu)(wu)范(fan)圍限制(zhi)，同時，加快完善信用體系、工程(cheng)擔保及個人(ren)(ren)執業(ye)(ye)資(zi)格(ge)等相(xiang)關配套制(zhi)度，加強事中(zhong)事后監管(guan)。強化(hua)(hua)個人(ren)(ren)執業(ye)(ye)資(zi)格(ge)管(guan)理(li)，明(ming)晰注(zhu)冊執業(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)員的(de)權利、義(yi)務(wu)(wu)和責(ze)任，加大(da)執業(ye)(ye)責(ze)任追究力度。有序(xu)發展個人(ren)(ren)執業(ye)(ye)事務(wu)(wu)所，推動(dong)建立(li)個人(ren)(ren)執業(ye)(ye)保險制(zhi)度。大(da)力推行(xing)“互(hu)聯(lian)網+政務(wu)(wu)服(fu)務(wu)(wu)”，實行(xing)“一站式”網上審(shen)批(pi)，進一步提高(gao)建筑領(ling)域行(xing)政審(shen)批(pi)效(xiao)率。

（二）完善招標(biao)投標(biao)制度(du)。加快修訂《工程建設(she)項目(mu)招標(biao)范(fan)圍和規模(mo)(mo)標(biao)準(zhun)規定》，縮小并嚴格界定必須(xu)進行招標(biao)的工程建設(she)項目(mu)范(fan)圍，放(fang)寬有關規模(mo)(mo)標(biao)準(zhun)，防止(zhi)工程建設(she)項目(mu)實行招標(biao)“一刀切”。在民間投資的房屋建筑工程中，探索由建設單位自主(zhu)決(jue)定發包方式。將依法必須招標(biao)的工程建設項目納入(ru)統一的公(gong)(gong)共(gong)資(zi)源交易(yi)平(ping)臺(tai)，遵循(xun)公(gong)(gong)平(ping)、公(gong)(gong)正、公(gong)(gong)開和誠信的原則，規范招標(biao)投標(biao)行為。進一步簡化招標(biao)投標(biao)程序，盡(jin)快實現(xian)招標(biao)投標(biao)交易(yi)全過程電子化，推行網上異地評標(biao)。對(dui)依法(fa)通過競爭性談判或單一來(lai)源方式確定(ding)供應商的政府(fu)采購(gou)工程建設項目(mu)，符合相應條件的應當頒發(fa)施工許可證。

三、完善工程建設組織模式

（三(san)）加快推(tui)行(xing)工(gong)程總承包。裝配式建筑原則(ze)上應采用工(gong)程(cheng)總承包模式。政府(fu)投資工(gong)程(cheng)應完善建設管(guan)理模式，帶頭推行(xing)工(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)。加快完善工(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)相關的招標投標、施工(gong)許(xu)可(ke)、竣工(gong)驗收等(deng)(deng)制度(du)規定。按照總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)負總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)責的原則(ze)，落實工(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)單位在(zai)工(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)量安全(quan)、進度(du)控制、成本管(guan)理等(deng)(deng)方面的責任。除(chu)以(yi)暫估(gu)價形式包(bao)(bao)括在(zai)工(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)范(fan)圍內且(qie)依法必須進行(xing)招標的項目外，工(gong)程(cheng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)單位可(ke)以(yi)直接發包(bao)(bao)總(zong)(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)合同(tong)中涵(han)蓋的其他專業(ye)業(ye)務。

（四）培育全過程工程咨詢。鼓勵投(tou)資咨詢(xun)、勘察、設計、監理(li)、招標代理(li)、造價等(deng)企業采取聯合經(jing)營、并購重組等(deng)方式(shi)發展全過程(cheng)工(gong)程(cheng)咨詢(xun)，培育一批具有國(guo)際水平(ping)的全過程(cheng)工(gong)程(cheng)咨詢(xun)企業。制定全(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)工程(cheng)咨(zi)詢服(fu)務技(ji)術標(biao)準和合同范本。政(zheng)府(fu)投(tou)資工程(cheng)應帶頭推行全(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)工程(cheng)咨(zi)詢，鼓勵非(fei)政(zheng)府(fu)投(tou)資工程(cheng)委(wei)托(tuo)全(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)工程(cheng)咨(zi)詢服(fu)務。在民用建筑項目中，充分發揮建筑師的主(zhu)導作用，鼓勵提供全(quan)過(guo)程(cheng)工程(cheng)咨(zi)詢服(fu)務。

四(si)、加強工程(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)安全管理

（五）嚴格(ge)落(luo)實工程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)。全面(mian)落(luo)實各(ge)方主(zhu)體的工程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)，特(te)別要強化建(jian)設單位的首要責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)和(he)勘察、設計、施工單位的主(zhu)體責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)。嚴格(ge)執(zhi)行(xing)(xing)工程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)終身責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)制，在建(jian)筑物(wu)明(ming)顯部位設置永(yong)久性標牌，公示(shi)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)主(zhu)體和(he)主(zhu)要責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)人。對(dui)違反有關規(gui)定(ding)(ding)、造成(cheng)工程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)事故(gu)(gu)的，依(yi)法(fa)(fa)給予責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)單位停(ting)業整頓(dun)、降低(di)資質(zhi)(zhi)等(deng)級、吊銷資質(zhi)(zhi)證書等(deng)行(xing)(xing)政處罰(fa)并通過國(guo)家企業信(xin)用信(xin)息公示(shi)系(xi)統予以公示(shi)，給予注冊執(zhi)業人員(yuan)暫停(ting)執(zhi)業、吊銷資格(ge)證書、一定(ding)(ding)時(shi)間直至(zhi)終身不得進入行(xing)(xing)業等(deng)處罰(fa)。對(dui)發生工程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)事故(gu)(gu)造成(cheng)損失的，要依(yi)法(fa)(fa)追(zhui)究(jiu)經(jing)濟賠償責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)，情節嚴重的要追(zhui)究(jiu)有關單位和(he)人員(yuan)的法(fa)(fa)律(lv)責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)。參與房地(di)產開發的建(jian)筑業企業應(ying)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)合規(gui)經(jing)營，提高(gao)住宅品(pin)質(zhi)(zhi)。

（六）加強安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產管理。全(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)落實安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產責任，加強施工現場安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)防護，特別要強化(hua)對深基坑(keng)、高支模、起重機(ji)械(xie)等危險性較(jiao)大(da)(da)的(de)(de)分(fen)部分(fen)項(xiang)工程的(de)(de)管理，以及對不良地質地區(qu)重大(da)(da)工程項(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)風(feng)險評估或論證(zheng)。推進信息技術與安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產深度(du)(du)融合，加快建(jian)設建(jian)筑施工安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)監管信息系統(tong)，通過信息化(hua)手段加強安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產管理。建(jian)立健(jian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)全(quan)(quan)(quan)覆蓋、多層次(ci)、經常性的(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產培訓制(zhi)度(du)(du)，提升(sheng)從業人員安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)素(su)質以及各方主體的(de)(de)本質安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)水平。

（七）全(quan)(quan)面提高監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)水平(ping)。完善工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量安全(quan)(quan)法(fa)律法(fa)規和管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理制(zhi)度，健(jian)(jian)全(quan)(quan)企業負責、政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)、社會監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)的(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量安全(quan)(quan)保(bao)障(zhang)體(ti)系(xi)。強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府對工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，明確監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)范圍，落實監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)責任，加(jia)(jia)大抽(chou)查抽(chou)測力度，重點(dian)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)對涉(she)及(ji)公共安全(quan)(quan)的(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)地基基礎(chu)、主體(ti)結構(gou)等部位(wei)和竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)驗收等環節(jie)的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)檢(jian)(jian)查。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)隊伍建設，監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)機構(gou)履行職能(neng)所需經費(fei)由同(tong)級財(cai)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)預算(suan)全(quan)(quan)額保(bao)障(zhang)。政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府可采取(qu)購(gou)買服務的(de)方(fang)式，委托具備條件的(de)社會力量進行工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)檢(jian)(jian)查。推進工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量安全(quan)(quan)標準化管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理，督(du)(du)促各方(fang)主體(ti)健(jian)(jian)全(quan)(quan)質(zhi)量安全(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)控機制(zhi)。強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)化對工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理的(de)監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，選擇(ze)部分地區開展監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理單位(wei)向政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府報(bao)告(gao)質(zhi)量監(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)理情況的(de)試點(dian)。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)(qiang)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量檢(jian)(jian)測機構(gou)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理，嚴厲(li)打擊出具虛假(jia)報(bao)告(gao)等行為。推動發展工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量保(bao)險。

五、優(you)化(hua)建筑市場環境

（八）建(jian)立統(tong)一(yi)開放市(shi)(shi)場(chang)。打(da)破區域市(shi)(shi)場(chang)準入壁壘，取消各(ge)地區、各(ge)行業(ye)(ye)(ye)在法律、行政法規(gui)和國務院規(gui)定外對建(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)設置的(de)不合(he)理準入條(tiao)件；嚴禁擅自設立或變相設立審批、備案事項，為建(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)提供公(gong)平市(shi)(shi)場(chang)環境(jing)。完善全(quan)國建(jian)筑市(shi)(shi)場(chang)監管公(gong)共(gong)服務平臺(tai)，加(jia)快實現與全(quan)國信(xin)用(yong)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)共(gong)享(xiang)平臺(tai)和國家企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)信(xin)用(yong)信(xin)息(xi)(xi)公(gong)示系統(tong)的(de)數(shu)據共(gong)享(xiang)交換。建(jian)立建(jian)筑市(shi)(shi)場(chang)主體黑名單制度，依(yi)(yi)法依(yi)(yi)規(gui)全(quan)面公(gong)開企(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)和個人信(xin)用(yong)記錄，接受社會監督。

（九）加強承包履約管(guan)理(li)(li)。引導承包企業以銀行(xing)保函或擔保公司保函的(de)形式(shi)，向建設單位提供履約擔保。對采用常規(gui)通用技(ji)術標(biao)準的(de)政府投(tou)資工程(cheng)，在原則上實行(xing)最低價(jia)中(zhong)(zhong)標(biao)的(de)同時，有效(xiao)發(fa)揮履約擔保的(de)作用，防止(zhi)惡意低價(jia)中(zhong)(zhong)標(biao)，確保工程(cheng)投(tou)資不超預算(suan)。嚴厲查(cha)處轉包和違法分包等行(xing)為。完善工程(cheng)量(liang)清單計價(jia)體系(xi)和工程(cheng)造價(jia)信息發(fa)布機制，形成(cheng)統一的(de)工程(cheng)造價(jia)計價(jia)規(gui)則，合理(li)(li)確定和有效(xiao)控制工程(cheng)造價(jia)。

（十(shi)）規(gui)范(fan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)價款結算(suan)。審計(ji)機關應依法加(jia)強(qiang)對以政(zheng)府(fu)投資為主的(de)公共工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設項目(mu)的(de)審計(ji)監督，建(jian)設單(dan)位不得(de)將未(wei)完成審計(ji)作為延期工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)結算(suan)、拖欠工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)款的(de)理由。未(wei)完成竣工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)結算(suan)的(de)項目(mu)，有關部(bu)門不予(yu)辦理產權(quan)登記。對長期拖欠工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)款的(de)單(dan)位不得(de)批準(zhun)新項目(mu)開(kai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。嚴格執行(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)預付款制(zhi)度(du)，及時按合同約定足額(e)向承包單(dan)位支(zhi)付預付款。通過工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)款支(zhi)付擔保等經濟、法律手段約束建(jian)設單(dan)位履(lv)約行(xing)為，預防拖欠工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)款。

六、提高從業人員素質

（十一）加(jia)快(kuai)培養建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)。積極培育既有(you)國際視野又(you)有(you)民族自信的建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)師(shi)隊伍。加(jia)快(kuai)培養熟悉(xi)國際規(gui)則的建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)高級(ji)管(guan)理人(ren)(ren)才(cai)。大力(li)(li)推進校企(qi)合作，培養建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)專業(ye)(ye)人(ren)(ren)才(cai)。加(jia)強工(gong)(gong)(gong)程現場(chang)管(guan)理人(ren)(ren)員和建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)的教育培訓。健全建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)職業(ye)(ye)技(ji)能(neng)標(biao)準體系，全面實施建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)技(ji)術(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)職業(ye)(ye)技(ji)能(neng)鑒(jian)定制度。發(fa)展一批(pi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)技(ji)能(neng)鑒(jian)定機構，開展建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)技(ji)能(neng)評(ping)價工(gong)(gong)(gong)作。通過制定施工(gong)(gong)(gong)現場(chang)技(ji)能(neng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)基(ji)本(ben)配備(bei)標(biao)準、發(fa)布各個技(ji)能(neng)等(deng)級(ji)和工(gong)(gong)(gong)種的人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本(ben)信息等(deng)方式，引導企(qi)業(ye)(ye)將工(gong)(gong)(gong)資分配向關鍵技(ji)術(shu)技(ji)能(neng)崗位(wei)傾斜。大力(li)(li)弘(hong)揚工(gong)(gong)(gong)匠精神，培養高素質建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)，到2020年建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)中級(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)能(neng)水平以(yi)上的建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)數量達到300萬，2025年達到1000萬。

（十(shi)二）改(gai)革(ge)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)用工(gong)(gong)(gong)制度。推動建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)勞務企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轉型(xing)，大力(li)(li)發展木工(gong)(gong)(gong)、電工(gong)(gong)(gong)、砌筑(zhu)(zhu)、鋼筋制作等(deng)以(yi)作業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為主(zhu)(zhu)的專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)的主(zhu)(zhu)要載體，逐(zhu)步實現(xian)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)公司化、專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化管理(li)(li)。鼓勵現(xian)有專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)進一步做專(zhuan)(zhuan)做精，增強競爭(zheng)力(li)(li)，推動形成(cheng)一批(pi)以(yi)作業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為主(zhu)(zhu)的建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。促進建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)向(xiang)技術工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)轉型(xing)，著力(li)(li)穩(wen)定和擴大建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)民(min)(min)工(gong)(gong)(gong)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創(chuang)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。建(jian)立全國建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)管理(li)(li)服(fu)務信息(xi)平臺，開展建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)實名制管理(li)(li)，記錄建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)的身份信息(xi)、培訓情況、職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技能(neng)、從業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)記錄等(deng)信息(xi)，逐(zhu)步實現(xian)全覆蓋(gai)。

（十(shi)三）保護工(gong)(gong)人(ren)合(he)法(fa)(fa)權益。全面落實(shi)勞動合(he)同制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度，加大(da)監察力(li)(li)度，督促施(shi)工(gong)(gong)單位(wei)與招用的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)人(ren)依(yi)法(fa)(fa)簽訂勞動合(he)同，到2020年基本實(shi)現(xian)勞動合(he)同全覆蓋。健全工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)支(zhi)付(fu)保障制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度，按(an)照誰用工(gong)(gong)誰負(fu)責和(he)總承包負(fu)總責的(de)(de)原(yuan)則，落實(shi)企業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)支(zhi)付(fu)責任(ren)，依(yi)法(fa)(fa)按(an)月足額發放工(gong)(gong)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)。將存在拖欠(qian)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)(zi)(zi)行為的(de)(de)企業(ye)(ye)列入黑名單，對其采(cai)取限制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)市場準入等懲戒措施(shi)，情節嚴重的(de)(de)降低(di)資(zi)(zi)(zi)質(zhi)等級。建(jian)(jian)立健全與建(jian)(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)相適應(ying)的(de)(de)社(she)會保險(xian)參(can)保繳費方式，大(da)力(li)(li)推進(jin)建(jian)(jian)筑施(shi)工(gong)(gong)單位(wei)參(can)加工(gong)(gong)傷保險(xian)。施(shi)工(gong)(gong)單位(wei)應(ying)履(lv)行社(she)會責任(ren)，不斷改善建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)人(ren)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作環境，提(ti)升職業(ye)(ye)健康水平，促進(jin)建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)人(ren)穩定就業(ye)(ye)。

七、推進建(jian)筑產業現(xian)代化

（十四）推(tui)(tui)廣智能(neng)和裝配(pei)(pei)(pei)式(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)。堅持標(biao)準化(hua)設計、工廠化(hua)生產、裝配(pei)(pei)(pei)化(hua)施工、一體化(hua)裝修、信息化(hua)管理、智能(neng)化(hua)應用，推(tui)(tui)動建(jian)(jian)造方式(shi)創新(xin)，大力發(fa)展裝配(pei)(pei)(pei)式(shi)混凝土和鋼結構建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)，在(zai)具備(bei)條件的(de)地方倡導發(fa)展現(xian)代木結構建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)，不斷提高裝配(pei)(pei)(pei)式(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)在(zai)新(xin)建(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)中的(de)比(bi)例。力爭(zheng)用10年(nian)左右的(de)時間，使裝配(pei)(pei)(pei)式(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)占新(xin)建(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積的(de)比(bi)例達到30%。在(zai)新(xin)建(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)和既有建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)改造中推(tui)(tui)廣普及(ji)智能(neng)化(hua)應用，完善智能(neng)化(hua)系統運行維護機(ji)制，實現(xian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)舒(shu)適安(an)全、節能(neng)高效(xiao)。

（十五）提升建(jian)(jian)筑設(she)計(ji)水平。建(jian)(jian)筑設(she)計(ji)應體現地域(yu)特(te)征、民(min)族(zu)特(te)點和(he)時代風(feng)貌，突出建(jian)(jian)筑使用功(gong)(gong)能及節(jie)能、節(jie)水、節(jie)地、節(jie)材(cai)和(he)環保等(deng)要求，提供功(gong)(gong)能適(shi)用、經(jing)濟合理、安全(quan)可(ke)靠、技術先進、環境協(xie)調的建(jian)(jian)筑設(she)計(ji)產品。健全(quan)適(shi)應建(jian)(jian)筑設(she)計(ji)特(te)點的招(zhao)標(biao)投標(biao)制度，推行設(she)計(ji)團隊(dui)招(zhao)標(biao)、設(she)計(ji)方案招(zhao)標(biao)等(deng)方式(shi)。促(cu)(cu)進國(guo)內外(wai)建(jian)(jian)筑設(she)計(ji)企業公平競爭(zheng)，培育有國(guo)際競爭(zheng)力的建(jian)(jian)筑設(she)計(ji)隊(dui)伍。倡(chang)導開展建(jian)(jian)筑評論(lun)，促(cu)(cu)進建(jian)(jian)筑設(she)計(ji)理念的融合和(he)升華。

（十六）加強技(ji)術研(yan)發(fa)應用(yong)(yong)。加快先進建(jian)(jian)造設備、智能設備的研(yan)發(fa)、制(zhi)造和(he)推(tui)廣應用(yong)(yong)，提(ti)升各類施(shi)工機(ji)具的性(xing)能和(he)效(xiao)率(lv)，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)機(ji)械(xie)化(hua)施(shi)工程度。限制(zhi)和(he)淘汰落后、危險工藝工法，保障生產施(shi)工安全(quan)。積極(ji)支持建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業科(ke)研(yan)工作，大幅提(ti)高(gao)(gao)技(ji)術創新對產業發(fa)展的貢獻率(lv)。加快推(tui)進建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)信息(xi)(xi)模型（BIM）技(ji)術在規(gui)劃、勘察、設計(ji)、施(shi)工和(he)運(yun)營(ying)維護全(quan)過程的集成應用(yong)(yong)，實(shi)現工程建(jian)(jian)設項目(mu)(mu)全(quan)生命(ming)周(zhou)期數據共享和(he)信息(xi)(xi)化(hua)管理，為項目(mu)(mu)方案優化(hua)和(he)科(ke)學決策(ce)提(ti)供依據，促(cu)進建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業提(ti)質增效(xiao)。

（十七）完善工(gong)程建設標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)。整(zheng)合精簡強(qiang)制性(xing)(xing)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，適(shi)度提高安(an)全(quan)、質量、性(xing)(xing)能、健康、節能等強(qiang)制性(xing)(xing)指標(biao)(biao)要求，逐步提高標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)水(shui)平。積(ji)極培育團體(ti)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，鼓勵具備(bei)相(xiang)應能力的行(xing)業(ye)協會、產業(ye)聯盟等主(zhu)體(ti)共同(tong)制定滿足市(shi)場和創新需要的標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，建立(li)強(qiang)制性(xing)(xing)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)與(yu)(yu)團體(ti)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)相(xiang)結合的標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)供給體(ti)制，增(zeng)加(jia)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)有效(xiao)供給。及時開(kai)展標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)復審，加(jia)快標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)修(xiu)訂，提高標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的時效(xiao)性(xing)(xing)。加(jia)強(qiang)科技研發(fa)與(yu)(yu)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)制定的信息溝通(tong)，建立(li)全(quan)國工(gong)程建設標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)專家委員會，為工(gong)程建設標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)化工(gong)作(zuo)提供技術支撐，提高標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)的質量和水(shui)平。

八、加快建筑業(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)“走出去(qu)”

（十八）加強中外(wai)標(biao)準銜接。積(ji)極(ji)開(kai)展(zhan)中外(wai)標(biao)準對比研究，適(shi)應(ying)國際通行的(de)標(biao)準內(nei)容結構、要素指標(biao)和相關術(shu)語(yu)，縮小中國標(biao)準與國外(wai)先進(jin)標(biao)準的(de)技(ji)術(shu)差距。加大中國標(biao)準外(wai)文(wen)版(ban)翻譯和宣(xuan)傳推廣(guang)(guang)力度，以“一(yi)帶(dai)一(yi)路”戰略為引領，優先在對外(wai)投資、技(ji)術(shu)輸出和援建(jian)(jian)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項目中推廣(guang)(guang)應(ying)用。積(ji)極(ji)參(can)加國際標(biao)準認證、交流等活動(dong)，開(kai)展(zhan)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)技(ji)術(shu)標(biao)準的(de)雙(shuang)邊合作(zuo)。到2025年，實(shi)現工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設國家標(biao)準全部有外(wai)文(wen)版(ban)。

（十九(jiu)）提高(gao)(gao)對外承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)能(neng)力(li)。統籌協(xie)調建(jian)(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)(ye)“走出去”，充分發揮我國(guo)建(jian)(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)在高(gao)(gao)鐵、公(gong)路(lu)、電力(li)、港口(kou)、機(ji)場、油氣長輸管(guan)道(dao)、高(gao)(gao)層建(jian)(jian)筑等工(gong)程建(jian)(jian)設方面(mian)的(de)(de)比較優勢，有目標、有重(zhong)點、有組織地(di)對外承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)工(gong)程，參與“一帶一路(lu)”建(jian)(jian)設。建(jian)(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)要加(jia)大對國(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)標準的(de)(de)研究力(li)度，積(ji)極(ji)(ji)適應國(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)標準，加(jia)強(qiang)對外承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)工(gong)程質量、履約等方面(mian)管(guan)理，在援外住房等民生項(xiang)目中發揮積(ji)極(ji)(ji)作用。鼓勵大企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)帶動(dong)(dong)中小企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、沿(yan)海沿(yan)邊(bian)地(di)區(qu)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)合(he)作“出海”，積(ji)極(ji)(ji)有序開拓(tuo)國(guo)際(ji)(ji)(ji)市(shi)場，避免惡性競爭(zheng)。引導對外承(cheng)包(bao)(bao)(bao)工(gong)程企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)向項(xiang)目融資、設計(ji)咨詢、后(hou)續運營(ying)維(wei)護管(guan)理等高(gao)(gao)附加(jia)值的(de)(de)領域(yu)有序拓(tuo)展。推動(dong)(dong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)提高(gao)(gao)屬地(di)化(hua)經營(ying)水平，實現與所在國(guo)家和地(di)區(qu)互利(li)共贏。

（二(er)十）加(jia)大(da)(da)政(zheng)策扶持(chi)力度。加(jia)強建筑業(ye)“走出(chu)去”相(xiang)(xiang)關主(zhu)管部(bu)門間的溝通(tong)協調(diao)和信(xin)息共(gong)享。到2025年，與大(da)(da)部(bu)分“一帶一路”沿線國家(jia)和地(di)區簽訂雙(shuang)邊工程建設(she)合作(zuo)備忘(wang)錄，同(tong)時(shi)爭(zheng)取在雙(shuang)邊自貿協定中(zhong)納入(ru)相(xiang)(xiang)關內容，推(tui)進建設(she)領域執業(ye)資格國際(ji)互(hu)認。綜合發揮(hui)各類金(jin)融(rong)工具的作(zuo)用，重(zhong)點支持(chi)對外經(jing)濟合作(zuo)中(zhong)建筑領域的重(zhong)大(da)(da)戰略項目。借鑒國際(ji)通(tong)行的項目融(rong)資模式，按照風險可控(kong)、商業(ye)可持(chi)續原則，加(jia)大(da)(da)對建筑業(ye)“走出(chu)去”的金(jin)融(rong)支持(chi)力度。

各地(di)區(qu)、各部(bu)門(men)要(yao)高度重(zhong)視深化建(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)改革(ge)工(gong)作，健(jian)全工(gong)作機制，明確任務(wu)分工(gong)，及時研究解(jie)決建(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)改革(ge)發(fa)展中的重(zhong)大(da)問題，完(wan)善相(xiang)關(guan)政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)，確保按(an)期完(wan)成各項改革(ge)任務(wu)。加快推動修(xiu)訂建(jian)筑法(fa)(fa)(fa)、招(zhao)標(biao)投標(biao)法(fa)(fa)(fa)等法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)，完(wan)善相(xiang)關(guan)法(fa)(fa)(fa)律(lv)(lv)法(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)。充分發(fa)揮協會商會熟悉行(xing)業(ye)(ye)、貼近企業(ye)(ye)的優勢，及時反映(ying)企業(ye)(ye)訴求，反饋政(zheng)策(ce)(ce)落實(shi)情況，發(fa)揮好規(gui)范行(xing)業(ye)(ye)秩序、建(jian)立(li)從業(ye)(ye)人員行(xing)為準則(ze)、促進企業(ye)(ye)誠信經營等方面的自律(lv)(lv)作用。

　　　　　　　   國務(wu)院辦公廳(ting)

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　   　　2017年2月(yue)21日

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