國務院(yuan)辦公廳(ting)

關(guan)于促進建筑業持續健(jian)康發展(zhan)的意見國辦發〔2017〕19號

各(ge)省、自(zi)治區、直(zhi)轄市(shi)人民(min)政府，國(guo)務院各(ge)部委、各(ge)直(zhi)屬機構：

建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)是國(guo)(guo)民經濟(ji)的支柱(zhu)產業(ye)(ye)(ye)。改(gai)革開放(fang)以來(lai)，我國(guo)(guo)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)快速(su)發(fa)(fa)展，建(jian)造能(neng)力不(bu)(bu)斷增強(qiang)，產業(ye)(ye)(ye)規(gui)(gui)模不(bu)(bu)斷擴大，吸納了(le)大量農村轉移勞(lao)動(dong)力，帶(dai)動(dong)了(le)大量關聯產業(ye)(ye)(ye)，對經濟(ji)社會發(fa)(fa)展、城(cheng)鄉建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)和民生(sheng)改(gai)善作出(chu)了(le)重要貢獻(xian)。但也要看到(dao)，建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)仍然大而不(bu)(bu)強(qiang)，監管體(ti)制機制不(bu)(bu)健全(quan)、工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)組(zu)織方式落后、建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)水(shui)平(ping)有待提(ti)高、質(zhi)(zhi)量安全(quan)事(shi)故時有發(fa)(fa)生(sheng)、市場違(wei)法違(wei)規(gui)(gui)行為(wei)(wei)較多、企業(ye)(ye)(ye)核心競爭力不(bu)(bu)強(qiang)、工(gong)人技能(neng)素質(zhi)(zhi)偏低等問(wen)題較為(wei)(wei)突出(chu)。為(wei)(wei)貫徹落實(shi)《中共中央(yang) 國(guo)(guo)務院(yuan)關于進一(yi)步加強(qiang)城(cheng)市規(gui)(gui)劃建(jian)設(she)(she)(she)管理工(gong)作的若(ruo)干意見》，進一(yi)步深化建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)“放(fang)管服”改(gai)革，加快產業(ye)(ye)(ye)升(sheng)級，促進建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)持續健康發(fa)(fa)展，為(wei)(wei)新型(xing)城(cheng)鎮化提(ti)供支撐，經國(guo)(guo)務院(yuan)同意，現提(ti)出(chu)以下意見：

一、總體要求

全(quan)面貫(guan)(guan)徹(che)黨的(de)十八大和(he)(he)十八屆二中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、三(san)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、四中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、五中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)、六(liu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)全(quan)會(hui)以(yi)(yi)及中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)經濟工作會(hui)議、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)城(cheng)鎮化(hua)工作會(hui)議、中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)城(cheng)市工作會(hui)議精神(shen)，深入貫(guan)(guan)徹(che)習近平(ping)總書記系列重要講(jiang)話精神(shen)和(he)(he)治國(guo)(guo)理政新理念新思想新戰略，認真落(luo)(luo)實黨中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央(yang)、國(guo)(guo)務院決策(ce)部署，統籌推(tui)(tui)進“五位一體”總體布局和(he)(he)協調推(tui)(tui)進“四個全(quan)面”戰略布局，牢(lao)固樹立和(he)(he)貫(guan)(guan)徹(che)落(luo)(luo)實創(chuang)新、協調、綠(lv)色、開(kai)放、共享(xiang)的(de)發展理念，堅持以(yi)(yi)推(tui)(tui)進供給(gei)側結構性改革為主線，按照適用、經濟、安(an)全(quan)、綠(lv)色、美觀(guan)的(de)要求，深化(hua)建筑業“放管服(fu)”改革，完善監管體制(zhi)機制(zhi)，優(you)化(hua)市場環境(jing)，提升(sheng)工程質量安(an)全(quan)水(shui)平(ping)，強化(hua)隊伍建設，增強企(qi)業核心競爭力(li)，促(cu)進建筑業持續健康發展，打造“中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)建造”品牌。

二(er)、深化建筑業簡政放權(quan)改革

（一）優化資(zi)(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)(zi)格(ge)管理(li)。進一步簡(jian)化工程建設企業(ye)(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)類(lei)別和(he)(he)等級設置，減少不必(bi)要的(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)認定。選擇部分地區開展試點，對信用(yong)良(liang)好、具有相關專業(ye)(ye)(ye)技術能力、能夠提(ti)供足額(e)擔保的(de)(de)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)，在其資(zi)(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)類(lei)別內(nei)放寬承攬業(ye)(ye)(ye)務范圍限制，同時，加快完善信用(yong)體系、工程擔保及(ji)個(ge)(ge)人執(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)格(ge)等相關配套制度，加強事(shi)中(zhong)事(shi)后監管。強化個(ge)(ge)人執(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)資(zi)(zi)格(ge)管理(li)，明晰注冊執(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)人員的(de)(de)權(quan)利、義務和(he)(he)責(ze)任，加大(da)執(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)責(ze)任追究力度。有序發展個(ge)(ge)人執(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)事(shi)務所，推動建立個(ge)(ge)人執(zhi)(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)保險制度。大(da)力推行“互(hu)聯(lian)網(wang)(wang)+政務服務”，實行“一站(zhan)式”網(wang)(wang)上審批，進一步提(ti)高建筑(zhu)領域行政審批效率。

（二）完(wan)善招(zhao)標(biao)投(tou)標(biao)制度。加快修(xiu)訂《工(gong)程(cheng)建設項(xiang)(xiang)目招(zhao)標(biao)范(fan)圍(wei)和規模標(biao)準規定》，縮小(xiao)并(bing)嚴格界(jie)定必須進行招(zhao)標(biao)的工(gong)程(cheng)建設項(xiang)(xiang)目范(fan)圍(wei)，放(fang)寬有關規模標(biao)準，防止(zhi)工(gong)程(cheng)建設項(xiang)(xiang)目實行招(zhao)標(biao)“一刀切(qie)”。在民間投資的房屋建筑工程中，探索(suo)由建設單(dan)位(wei)自(zi)主決定發包方式(shi)。將(jiang)依法必須招標(biao)的(de)工程建設(she)項(xiang)目納入統一的(de)公(gong)共資源交易(yi)平(ping)臺，遵循公(gong)平(ping)、公(gong)正、公(gong)開和(he)誠(cheng)信的(de)原(yuan)則，規范招標(biao)投(tou)(tou)標(biao)行(xing)為(wei)。進一步簡化招標(biao)投(tou)(tou)標(biao)程序(xu)，盡快實現招標(biao)投(tou)(tou)標(biao)交易(yi)全(quan)過(guo)程電子(zi)化，推行(xing)網上異地(di)評標(biao)。對依(yi)法通過競爭性談判或單(dan)一來源方式確定(ding)供(gong)應商(shang)的政(zheng)府采(cai)購(gou)工程(cheng)建設項(xiang)目，符合相應條件(jian)的應當頒發施工許可證。

三、完善(shan)工程建設組織(zhi)模式

（三）加快推行工程總承包。裝配式建(jian)筑(zhu)原(yuan)則上應采用工程總承包(bao)模式。政府投資工程(cheng)應完(wan)善建設管理(li)模(mo)式(shi)，帶頭推行工程(cheng)總(zong)承包(bao)(bao)(bao)。加快(kuai)完(wan)善工程(cheng)總(zong)承包(bao)(bao)(bao)相(xiang)關的(de)招標(biao)(biao)投標(biao)(biao)、施工許可(ke)、竣工驗收等(deng)制(zhi)度規定。按照總(zong)承包(bao)(bao)(bao)負總(zong)責的(de)原則，落(luo)實工程(cheng)總(zong)承包(bao)(bao)(bao)單(dan)位(wei)在(zai)工程(cheng)質量安全、進度控制(zhi)、成本管理(li)等(deng)方面的(de)責任。除以暫(zan)估價形(xing)式(shi)包(bao)(bao)(bao)括在(zai)工程(cheng)總(zong)承包(bao)(bao)(bao)范(fan)圍內且依法必(bi)須進行招標(biao)(biao)的(de)項目外，工程(cheng)總(zong)承包(bao)(bao)(bao)單(dan)位(wei)可(ke)以直接發包(bao)(bao)(bao)總(zong)承包(bao)(bao)(bao)合(he)同(tong)中涵蓋的(de)其他專業業務(wu)。

（四）培(pei)育全過程工(gong)程咨詢。鼓勵投資咨(zi)詢、勘察、設計、監理、招標代理、造價等企業(ye)采取(qu)聯(lian)合經營、并購重組等方(fang)式(shi)發展全過(guo)程工程咨(zi)詢，培育一(yi)批具有國際水平的全過(guo)程工程咨(zi)詢企業(ye)。制定全過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)工程(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)服務技(ji)術標(biao)準(zhun)和合同(tong)范本。政府(fu)投資工程(cheng)應帶(dai)頭(tou)推行全過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)工程(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)，鼓勵非(fei)政府(fu)投資工程(cheng)委托全過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)工程(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)服務。在民用建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)項目中，充(chong)分發揮建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)師(shi)的(de)主導作用，鼓勵提供全過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)工程(cheng)咨(zi)(zi)詢(xun)服務。

四、加(jia)強工程(cheng)質量安全(quan)管理

（五）嚴(yan)格落(luo)實工程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)責(ze)任(ren)。全(quan)面(mian)落(luo)實各(ge)方(fang)主(zhu)體的(de)工程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)責(ze)任(ren)，特別要強(qiang)化建(jian)設單(dan)位的(de)首要責(ze)任(ren)和勘察、設計、施(shi)工單(dan)位的(de)主(zhu)體責(ze)任(ren)。嚴(yan)格執(zhi)行(xing)工程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)終身(shen)(shen)責(ze)任(ren)制(zhi)，在建(jian)筑物(wu)明顯部位設置(zhi)永久性標牌，公(gong)示質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)責(ze)任(ren)主(zhu)體和主(zhu)要責(ze)任(ren)人。對(dui)違反有關規定、造成工程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)事(shi)故的(de)，依(yi)法(fa)給予責(ze)任(ren)單(dan)位停業整頓、降(jiang)低資(zi)(zi)質(zhi)等級、吊(diao)(diao)銷資(zi)(zi)質(zhi)證(zheng)書(shu)等行(xing)政(zheng)處罰并通過國家企業信用信息(xi)公(gong)示系統予以公(gong)示，給予注冊執(zhi)業人員(yuan)暫停執(zhi)業、吊(diao)(diao)銷資(zi)(zi)格證(zheng)書(shu)、一定時間直至終身(shen)(shen)不得進入行(xing)業等處罰。對(dui)發生工程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)事(shi)故造成損失的(de)，要依(yi)法(fa)追究(jiu)經濟(ji)賠(pei)償責(ze)任(ren)，情節嚴(yan)重的(de)要追究(jiu)有關單(dan)位和人員(yuan)的(de)法(fa)律責(ze)任(ren)。參(can)與房地產開發的(de)建(jian)筑業企業應依(yi)法(fa)合規經營，提高住宅品質(zhi)。

（六）加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)管(guan)理。全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)落實安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)責(ze)任，加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)施工現場安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)防護，特別(bie)要(yao)強(qiang)(qiang)化(hua)對深基坑(keng)、高(gao)支(zhi)模、起重機械(xie)等(deng)危險性(xing)較大(da)的(de)(de)分(fen)部分(fen)項工程的(de)(de)管(guan)理，以及對不良(liang)地質地區重大(da)工程項目的(de)(de)風險評估(gu)或論證。推進(jin)信(xin)息(xi)技術與安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)深度融(rong)合，加(jia)快建設建筑施工安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)監管(guan)信(xin)息(xi)系統，通過信(xin)息(xi)化(hua)手段加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)管(guan)理。建立健全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)覆蓋、多層次、經(jing)常性(xing)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)培(pei)訓(xun)制度，提(ti)升從業人(ren)員安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)素質以及各方(fang)主(zhu)體的(de)(de)本質安(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)水平(ping)。

（七）全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面提高監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)水平(ping)。完善(shan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)法(fa)律(lv)法(fa)規和管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)制度，健全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)企業(ye)負責、政(zheng)府(fu)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)、社會監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)保(bao)障(zhang)體(ti)系(xi)。強(qiang)化政(zheng)府(fu)對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，明確監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)范圍，落實監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)責任，加(jia)(jia)大抽(chou)查(cha)抽(chou)測力度，重點(dian)加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)對涉及公共安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)地基(ji)基(ji)礎、主體(ti)結構等部位和竣工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)驗收(shou)等環節的(de)(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)檢查(cha)。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)隊伍建設，監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)機構履行職能所需(xu)經(jing)費(fei)由同級財政(zheng)預算全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)額(e)保(bao)障(zhang)。政(zheng)府(fu)可采取購買服務的(de)(de)(de)方(fang)式，委(wei)托具備條(tiao)件的(de)(de)(de)社會力量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)進(jin)行工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)督(du)(du)(du)檢查(cha)。推(tui)進(jin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)標準化管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，督(du)(du)(du)促各(ge)方(fang)主體(ti)健全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)安(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)控機制。強(qiang)化對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)，選擇部分地區開(kai)展(zhan)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)單位向政(zheng)府(fu)報告(gao)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)理(li)(li)情況的(de)(de)(de)試點(dian)。加(jia)(jia)強(qiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)檢測機構管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，嚴(yan)厲打擊出具虛假報告(gao)等行為。推(tui)動發展(zhan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)(liang)保(bao)險。

五、優化建筑市場環境

（八）建(jian)立統一開(kai)放市場(chang)。打(da)破區域市場(chang)準入(ru)壁壘，取消(xiao)各地區、各行業(ye)(ye)在法(fa)(fa)律、行政法(fa)(fa)規(gui)和(he)(he)國(guo)務院規(gui)定外(wai)對建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)設置的(de)不合(he)理準入(ru)條件(jian)；嚴禁擅自設立或變相設立審(shen)批、備(bei)案事項，為建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)提供公(gong)平(ping)市場(chang)環境。完(wan)善全(quan)(quan)國(guo)建(jian)筑(zhu)市場(chang)監管公(gong)共服務平(ping)臺，加快實現與全(quan)(quan)國(guo)信用(yong)信息共享平(ping)臺和(he)(he)國(guo)家企(qi)業(ye)(ye)信用(yong)信息公(gong)示系統的(de)數據共享交換。建(jian)立建(jian)筑(zhu)市場(chang)主體(ti)黑(hei)名單(dan)制度，依法(fa)(fa)依規(gui)全(quan)(quan)面公(gong)開(kai)企(qi)業(ye)(ye)和(he)(he)個人信用(yong)記(ji)錄，接受社會監督。

（九(jiu)）加強承包(bao)履(lv)約(yue)管理。引(yin)導(dao)承包(bao)企(qi)業以(yi)銀行(xing)保函或擔保公司保函的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)式，向建設(she)單(dan)位(wei)提供(gong)履(lv)約(yue)擔保。對采用(yong)常(chang)規通用(yong)技術標準的(de)(de)(de)政府投(tou)資工(gong)程(cheng)，在原(yuan)則上(shang)實行(xing)最低價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)中(zhong)標的(de)(de)(de)同時，有效(xiao)發(fa)揮(hui)履(lv)約(yue)擔保的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)，防(fang)止惡(e)意(yi)低價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)中(zhong)標，確(que)保工(gong)程(cheng)投(tou)資不超預算。嚴(yan)厲查(cha)處轉包(bao)和違法分包(bao)等行(xing)為(wei)。完善工(gong)程(cheng)量清單(dan)計(ji)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)體系和工(gong)程(cheng)造價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)信息發(fa)布機制，形(xing)成統一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)造價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)計(ji)價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)規則，合理確(que)定和有效(xiao)控制工(gong)程(cheng)造價(jia)(jia)(jia)(jia)。

（十）規范工(gong)程(cheng)價款(kuan)結算。審(shen)計(ji)機關(guan)應依(yi)法加強對以政府投資為(wei)主的(de)公共工(gong)程(cheng)建設項目的(de)審(shen)計(ji)監督，建設單(dan)(dan)位(wei)不(bu)得(de)將(jiang)未完成(cheng)審(shen)計(ji)作為(wei)延期工(gong)程(cheng)結算、拖(tuo)欠(qian)工(gong)程(cheng)款(kuan)的(de)理(li)由。未完成(cheng)竣工(gong)結算的(de)項目，有關(guan)部門不(bu)予辦理(li)產權登記。對長期拖(tuo)欠(qian)工(gong)程(cheng)款(kuan)的(de)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)不(bu)得(de)批(pi)準(zhun)新項目開工(gong)。嚴格執(zhi)行工(gong)程(cheng)預(yu)付(fu)(fu)款(kuan)制(zhi)度，及時按合同約定足額(e)向承包單(dan)(dan)位(wei)支付(fu)(fu)預(yu)付(fu)(fu)款(kuan)。通過工(gong)程(cheng)款(kuan)支付(fu)(fu)擔保等經濟、法律手段約束建設單(dan)(dan)位(wei)履約行為(wei)，預(yu)防拖(tuo)欠(qian)工(gong)程(cheng)款(kuan)。

六、提高從業人員素質

（十一）加快培養(yang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)人(ren)才。積極培育(yu)既有國際視野又有民族自信的建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)師隊伍。加快培養(yang)熟悉國際規則(ze)的建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業高級(ji)管理人(ren)才。大(da)(da)力推進校(xiao)企(qi)合(he)作(zuo)，培養(yang)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業專業人(ren)才。加強工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程現(xian)場管理人(ren)員和建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)的教育(yu)培訓(xun)。健(jian)全(quan)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業職(zhi)業技(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)標(biao)準體系，全(quan)面實施建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業技(ji)(ji)術工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)職(zhi)業技(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)鑒(jian)定制(zhi)度。發(fa)展一批建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)技(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)鑒(jian)定機(ji)構(gou)，開(kai)展建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)技(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)評價(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。通(tong)過制(zhi)定施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)場技(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)基(ji)本配備標(biao)準、發(fa)布(bu)各個技(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)等級(ji)和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)種的人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本信息等方式(shi)，引(yin)導企(qi)業將(jiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資分(fen)配向關(guan)鍵技(ji)(ji)術技(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)崗位傾斜(xie)。大(da)(da)力弘揚工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)匠精(jing)神，培養(yang)高素(su)質(zhi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)，到(dao)2020年建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業中級(ji)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)能(neng)(neng)(neng)水平以(yi)上(shang)的建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)數(shu)量達到(dao)300萬(wan)，2025年達到(dao)1000萬(wan)。

（十二）改革建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)用工(gong)(gong)制(zhi)度(du)。推動建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)勞(lao)務企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轉(zhuan)型，大(da)力發展木工(gong)(gong)、電工(gong)(gong)、砌筑(zhu)(zhu)、鋼筋制(zhi)作等以(yi)作業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為主的(de)(de)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人的(de)(de)主要載體，逐(zhu)(zhu)步實現(xian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人公司化、專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化管理(li)。鼓勵現(xian)有專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)進一(yi)(yi)步做專(zhuan)(zhuan)做精，增強競爭力，推動形成一(yi)(yi)批以(yi)作業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為主的(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)專(zhuan)(zhuan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。促(cu)進建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)民工(gong)(gong)向技(ji)術工(gong)(gong)人轉(zhuan)型，著力穩定和擴大(da)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農(nong)民工(gong)(gong)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。建(jian)(jian)立全國建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人管理(li)服務信(xin)息(xi)平臺，開展建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人實名制(zhi)管理(li)，記(ji)錄建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人的(de)(de)身份信(xin)息(xi)、培訓情(qing)況、職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)能、從業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)記(ji)錄等信(xin)息(xi)，逐(zhu)(zhu)步實現(xian)全覆蓋。

（十三）保護(hu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)合法(fa)(fa)權益(yi)。全面落實勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)合同制(zhi)度，加大監察(cha)力(li)度，督促施(shi)工(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)位與(yu)招用的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)依法(fa)(fa)簽訂勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)合同，到(dao)2020年基本實現勞(lao)動(dong)(dong)(dong)合同全覆蓋。健(jian)全工(gong)(gong)資(zi)支(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)保障制(zhi)度，按照誰用工(gong)(gong)誰負責(ze)和總(zong)(zong)承(cheng)包負總(zong)(zong)責(ze)的(de)(de)(de)原則，落實企業工(gong)(gong)資(zi)支(zhi)(zhi)付(fu)責(ze)任，依法(fa)(fa)按月足額發(fa)放工(gong)(gong)人(ren)工(gong)(gong)資(zi)。將存在拖欠工(gong)(gong)資(zi)行為(wei)的(de)(de)(de)企業列入(ru)黑名單(dan)(dan)，對(dui)其采(cai)取限制(zhi)市(shi)場準入(ru)等懲戒措(cuo)施(shi)，情(qing)節(jie)嚴重的(de)(de)(de)降低資(zi)質等級。建(jian)立(li)健(jian)全與(yu)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業相適應的(de)(de)(de)社(she)會(hui)(hui)保險參保繳費方式，大力(li)推進建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)位參加工(gong)(gong)傷保險。施(shi)工(gong)(gong)單(dan)(dan)位應履(lv)行社(she)會(hui)(hui)責(ze)任，不斷改善建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作環境，提升職業健(jian)康水(shui)平，促進建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)穩定就業。

七、推進建筑產業(ye)現(xian)代化

（十四）推廣智能(neng)和裝(zhuang)配(pei)(pei)(pei)式(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)。堅(jian)持標(biao)準化(hua)設(she)計(ji)、工廠化(hua)生(sheng)產、裝(zhuang)配(pei)(pei)(pei)化(hua)施工、一體(ti)化(hua)裝(zhuang)修、信息化(hua)管理、智能(neng)化(hua)應用(yong)，推動建(jian)(jian)造(zao)方式(shi)創新，大力發展(zhan)裝(zhuang)配(pei)(pei)(pei)式(shi)混凝(ning)土和鋼結構(gou)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，在(zai)具備條(tiao)件的(de)(de)地方倡導發展(zhan)現代木結構(gou)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)，不斷(duan)提高裝(zhuang)配(pei)(pei)(pei)式(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)在(zai)新建(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)中(zhong)的(de)(de)比(bi)例。力爭用(yong)10年左(zuo)右的(de)(de)時間，使裝(zhuang)配(pei)(pei)(pei)式(shi)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)占新建(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)面積的(de)(de)比(bi)例達到30%。在(zai)新建(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)和既有建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)改造(zao)中(zhong)推廣普及智能(neng)化(hua)應用(yong)，完善智能(neng)化(hua)系統運行(xing)維護機制(zhi)，實現建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)舒適安全、節能(neng)高效。

（十五）提升(sheng)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計(ji)(ji)水(shui)平。建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計(ji)(ji)應(ying)體(ti)現地(di)域特征、民族特點(dian)和時代(dai)風(feng)貌(mao)，突(tu)出(chu)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)使用(yong)功能(neng)及節(jie)能(neng)、節(jie)水(shui)、節(jie)地(di)、節(jie)材(cai)和環保等要求(qiu)，提供功能(neng)適用(yong)、經濟(ji)合理(li)、安全可靠、技術先進、環境協調的建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計(ji)(ji)產(chan)品。健(jian)全適應(ying)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計(ji)(ji)特點(dian)的招(zhao)標投標制(zhi)度(du)，推行設(she)計(ji)(ji)團(tuan)隊招(zhao)標、設(she)計(ji)(ji)方案招(zhao)標等方式。促進國內外建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計(ji)(ji)企業(ye)公平競爭，培育(yu)有國際競爭力的建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計(ji)(ji)隊伍。倡導(dao)開(kai)展建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)評論(lun)，促進建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設(she)計(ji)(ji)理(li)念的融合和升(sheng)華。

（十六）加(jia)強技術(shu)研發(fa)應(ying)用(yong)。加(jia)快先(xian)進建(jian)造設備(bei)、智能(neng)設備(bei)的研發(fa)、制造和(he)推廣應(ying)用(yong)，提(ti)(ti)升各類施(shi)工機(ji)具的性能(neng)和(he)效率(lv)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)機(ji)械化施(shi)工程(cheng)度。限制和(he)淘(tao)汰落后、危險工藝工法，保障(zhang)生產施(shi)工安全。積極(ji)支持(chi)建(jian)筑業(ye)科研工作，大幅提(ti)(ti)高(gao)技術(shu)創(chuang)新對產業(ye)發(fa)展的貢獻率(lv)。加(jia)快推進建(jian)筑信(xin)息模型（BIM）技術(shu)在規劃(hua)、勘察、設計(ji)、施(shi)工和(he)運營維(wei)護(hu)全過程(cheng)的集(ji)成(cheng)應(ying)用(yong)，實現工程(cheng)建(jian)設項目全生命(ming)周期(qi)數據共享和(he)信(xin)息化管理，為項目方案優化和(he)科學決策提(ti)(ti)供(gong)依據，促(cu)進建(jian)筑業(ye)提(ti)(ti)質增效。

（十(shi)七）完善工程(cheng)(cheng)建設(she)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。整合精簡強制性標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，適度(du)提高安全(quan)、質量(liang)(liang)、性能(neng)、健康(kang)、節能(neng)等強制性指標(biao)(biao)(biao)要求，逐步提高標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)水平。積極培育團體(ti)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，鼓勵具備相(xiang)應能(neng)力的(de)行業(ye)協會、產業(ye)聯盟(meng)等主(zhu)體(ti)共同制定(ding)滿(man)足市場和創(chuang)新需(xu)要的(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，建立強制性標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)與(yu)團體(ti)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)相(xiang)結(jie)合的(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)供(gong)(gong)(gong)給(gei)體(ti)制，增加標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)有效(xiao)供(gong)(gong)(gong)給(gei)。及時(shi)開展標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)復審，加快標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)修訂，提高標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)時(shi)效(xiao)性。加強科技研發與(yu)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)制定(ding)的(de)信(xin)息(xi)溝通，建立全(quan)國工程(cheng)(cheng)建設(she)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)專(zhuan)家(jia)委員會，為工程(cheng)(cheng)建設(she)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化工作提供(gong)(gong)(gong)技術支(zhi)撐，提高標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)質量(liang)(liang)和水平。

八、加快建筑業企業“走出去”

（十八）加(jia)強(qiang)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)外標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)銜接。積極開展(zhan)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)外標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)對比研(yan)究，適(shi)應(ying)(ying)國(guo)際通行(xing)的標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)內容(rong)結構、要素指(zhi)標(biao)和相關(guan)術語，縮小(xiao)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)與國(guo)外先(xian)進(jin)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的技術差距。加(jia)大中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)外文版(ban)翻譯(yi)和宣傳推廣(guang)力度，以“一帶一路”戰略為引領，優先(xian)在(zai)對外投資、技術輸出和援建(jian)工(gong)程項目(mu)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)推廣(guang)應(ying)(ying)用(yong)。積極參加(jia)國(guo)際標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)認證(zheng)、交流等活動，開展(zhan)工(gong)程技術標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的雙(shuang)邊合作。到2025年，實現(xian)工(gong)程建(jian)設國(guo)家標(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)全部(bu)有外文版(ban)。

（十九）提高(gao)對外承(cheng)包能力(li)。統籌協調建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)“走出去”，充分發揮我(wo)國(guo)建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)在高(gao)鐵、公路(lu)、電力(li)、港口、機場、油氣(qi)長(chang)輸管道、高(gao)層(ceng)建(jian)筑(zhu)等工(gong)程建(jian)設方(fang)面(mian)的比較優(you)勢，有(you)(you)(you)目(mu)標、有(you)(you)(you)重點、有(you)(you)(you)組織地(di)對外承(cheng)包工(gong)程，參與“一(yi)(yi)帶(dai)一(yi)(yi)路(lu)”建(jian)設。建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)企(qi)業(ye)要加大對國(guo)際標準的研究力(li)度，積極(ji)適(shi)應國(guo)際標準，加強(qiang)對外承(cheng)包工(gong)程質量、履約等方(fang)面(mian)管理，在援外住房等民生項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)中發揮積極(ji)作用。鼓勵(li)大企(qi)業(ye)帶(dai)動中小企(qi)業(ye)、沿(yan)海沿(yan)邊地(di)區企(qi)業(ye)合作“出海”，積極(ji)有(you)(you)(you)序開(kai)拓國(guo)際市場，避免(mian)惡性競爭。引導對外承(cheng)包工(gong)程企(qi)業(ye)向項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)融資、設計咨詢、后續運營(ying)維護管理等高(gao)附加值的領域有(you)(you)(you)序拓展。推動企(qi)業(ye)提高(gao)屬地(di)化經營(ying)水平，實現與所在國(guo)家和(he)地(di)區互(hu)利(li)共(gong)贏。

（二(er)十）加(jia)大(da)政策(ce)扶持(chi)(chi)力(li)度。加(jia)強建筑業(ye)“走出去(qu)”相關(guan)(guan)主管部門間的溝通協調和(he)信息共享。到2025年，與大(da)部分“一帶一路”沿線國(guo)家和(he)地區簽(qian)訂雙(shuang)邊工程建設合(he)作(zuo)備(bei)忘錄，同時爭取(qu)在雙(shuang)邊自貿協定中納入(ru)相關(guan)(guan)內容(rong)，推進建設領域(yu)執業(ye)資格(ge)國(guo)際(ji)(ji)互認。綜合(he)發揮(hui)各類金(jin)融工具的作(zuo)用，重點支持(chi)(chi)對(dui)外經濟(ji)合(he)作(zuo)中建筑領域(yu)的重大(da)戰略項目。借鑒國(guo)際(ji)(ji)通行的項目融資模式，按照(zhao)風險可(ke)控、商(shang)業(ye)可(ke)持(chi)(chi)續(xu)原則，加(jia)大(da)對(dui)建筑業(ye)“走出去(qu)”的金(jin)融支持(chi)(chi)力(li)度。

各地區、各部(bu)門(men)要(yao)高度重視(shi)深化建筑業(ye)改(gai)(gai)革工(gong)作(zuo)，健全工(gong)作(zuo)機制，明(ming)確任(ren)務分工(gong)，及時(shi)研究解決(jue)建筑業(ye)改(gai)(gai)革發展(zhan)中(zhong)的重大問題，完善相(xiang)關(guan)政策，確保按期(qi)完成各項改(gai)(gai)革任(ren)務。加快推(tui)動修訂建筑法(fa)、招標投標法(fa)等法(fa)律(lv)，完善相(xiang)關(guan)法(fa)律(lv)法(fa)規(gui)。充分發揮協會商(shang)會熟(shu)悉行(xing)業(ye)、貼(tie)近企(qi)業(ye)的優勢，及時(shi)反映企(qi)業(ye)訴求(qiu)，反饋(kui)政策落實情況，發揮好規(gui)范行(xing)業(ye)秩序、建立從業(ye)人員行(xing)為準(zhun)則(ze)、促進企(qi)業(ye)誠(cheng)信(xin)經營等方(fang)面的自(zi)律(lv)作(zuo)用。

　　　　　　　   國務院辦公廳(ting)

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　   　　2017年2月(yue)21日(ri)

（此件公開發布(bu)）