國務院(yuan)辦(ban)公廳

關于(yu)促進建筑業持續(xu)健康(kang)發展的(de)意見(jian)國(guo)辦發(fa)〔2017〕19號

各(ge)(ge)省、自治區、直轄市人民(min)政府，國務院各(ge)(ge)部委(wei)、各(ge)(ge)直屬機構：

建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)是國(guo)民(min)經濟(ji)(ji)的支柱(zhu)產業(ye)。改(gai)革開(kai)放(fang)以(yi)來，我國(guo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)快(kuai)速發展，建(jian)(jian)(jian)造能力(li)不(bu)斷(duan)增強(qiang)(qiang)，產業(ye)規模不(bu)斷(duan)擴大(da)，吸納了大(da)量農村轉移勞動(dong)力(li)，帶動(dong)了大(da)量關(guan)聯(lian)產業(ye)，對經濟(ji)(ji)社(she)會發展、城鄉建(jian)(jian)(jian)設和(he)民(min)生改(gai)善作(zuo)出了重要貢獻。但也要看到(dao)，建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)仍然(ran)大(da)而不(bu)強(qiang)(qiang)，監管體制機(ji)制不(bu)健全、工程建(jian)(jian)(jian)設組織方式落(luo)后、建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)設計水平有待(dai)提(ti)高、質量安全事(shi)故時有發生、市場(chang)違(wei)法違(wei)規行為(wei)(wei)(wei)較多、企業(ye)核(he)心競爭力(li)不(bu)強(qiang)(qiang)、工人技能素質偏低等問題較為(wei)(wei)(wei)突出。為(wei)(wei)(wei)貫(guan)徹落(luo)實(shi)《中共中央 國(guo)務院關(guan)于進(jin)一步(bu)加強(qiang)(qiang)城市規劃建(jian)(jian)(jian)設管理工作(zuo)的若干意(yi)見》，進(jin)一步(bu)深化建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)“放(fang)管服”改(gai)革，加快(kuai)產業(ye)升級，促(cu)進(jin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)持續健康發展，為(wei)(wei)(wei)新型(xing)城鎮化提(ti)供支撐，經國(guo)務院同意(yi)，現提(ti)出以(yi)下意(yi)見：

一、總體要求

全面貫徹黨(dang)的十八大和(he)十八屆二中(zhong)、三中(zhong)、四(si)中(zhong)、五(wu)中(zhong)、六中(zhong)全會以(yi)及中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)經(jing)濟工(gong)作(zuo)會議(yi)(yi)、中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)城(cheng)鎮化工(gong)作(zuo)會議(yi)(yi)、中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)城(cheng)市工(gong)作(zuo)會議(yi)(yi)精神，深入貫徹習近平(ping)總書(shu)記系列重要講(jiang)話精神和(he)治國理(li)政(zheng)新理(li)念新思想新戰(zhan)略，認真落實(shi)黨(dang)中(zhong)央(yang)(yang)、國務院決(jue)策部(bu)署，統籌(chou)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)“五(wu)位一體(ti)”總體(ti)布局(ju)和(he)協調(diao)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)“四(si)個全面”戰(zhan)略布局(ju)，牢固樹立和(he)貫徹落實(shi)創新、協調(diao)、綠色(se)、開放、共享的發展理(li)念，堅持以(yi)推(tui)(tui)進(jin)供給側結構(gou)性改革為主線，按照適用、經(jing)濟、安(an)全、綠色(se)、美觀的要求，深化建(jian)筑業“放管服”改革，完善監管體(ti)制機制，優化市場環(huan)境，提升工(gong)程質量安(an)全水平(ping)，強(qiang)化隊(dui)伍建(jian)設，增強(qiang)企業核心(xin)競爭力，促進(jin)建(jian)筑業持續(xu)健(jian)康(kang)發展，打(da)造(zao)“中(zhong)國建(jian)造(zao)”品牌。

二、深化(hua)建筑業簡政放權改革

（一）優化資(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)格管(guan)理(li)(li)。進(jin)(jin)一步(bu)簡化工程建設企業(ye)(ye)(ye)資(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)類(lei)別和(he)等級設置，減少不必(bi)要(yao)的資(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)認定。選(xuan)擇部分地區開(kai)展試點，對(dui)信用良(liang)好(hao)、具有(you)相關(guan)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)技術能力、能夠提供足額擔(dan)保的企業(ye)(ye)(ye)，在其資(zi)質(zhi)(zhi)類(lei)別內(nei)放寬承攬(lan)業(ye)(ye)(ye)務(wu)范(fan)圍限制(zhi)，同(tong)時，加快完善信用體(ti)系、工程擔(dan)保及個人(ren)執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)資(zi)格等相關(guan)配套制(zhi)度，加強事中事后(hou)監(jian)管(guan)。強化個人(ren)執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)資(zi)格管(guan)理(li)(li)，明(ming)晰注冊執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)人(ren)員的權利、義務(wu)和(he)責任，加大(da)執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)責任追(zhui)究(jiu)力度。有(you)序發展個人(ren)執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)事務(wu)所，推(tui)動建立個人(ren)執(zhi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)保險制(zhi)度。大(da)力推(tui)行(xing)(xing)“互聯(lian)網+政(zheng)務(wu)服(fu)務(wu)”，實行(xing)(xing)“一站式(shi)”網上(shang)審(shen)批，進(jin)(jin)一步(bu)提高建筑領域行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)審(shen)批效(xiao)率。

（二）完善招標(biao)投標(biao)制度。加(jia)快修訂《工程(cheng)建設項(xiang)目(mu)招標(biao)范圍(wei)和規(gui)模(mo)標(biao)準規(gui)定》，縮小并嚴格界定必須進行(xing)招標(biao)的工程(cheng)建設項(xiang)目(mu)范圍(wei)，放(fang)寬(kuan)有關(guan)規(gui)模(mo)標(biao)準，防止工程(cheng)建設項(xiang)目(mu)實(shi)行(xing)招標(biao)“一刀(dao)切”。在民間投(tou)資的房屋建筑工(gong)程中，探索由(you)建設單位自主決定發包(bao)方式。將(jiang)依法必須招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)的工程(cheng)(cheng)建設(she)項目(mu)納入(ru)統一(yi)的公共(gong)資源交(jiao)易(yi)平臺，遵循公平、公正、公開(kai)和誠信的原(yuan)則，規范招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)投(tou)(tou)標(biao)(biao)(biao)行(xing)(xing)為。進(jin)一(yi)步簡化招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)投(tou)(tou)標(biao)(biao)(biao)程(cheng)(cheng)序(xu)，盡快(kuai)實現招(zhao)(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)投(tou)(tou)標(biao)(biao)(biao)交(jiao)易(yi)全(quan)過程(cheng)(cheng)電子化，推行(xing)(xing)網上異地評標(biao)(biao)(biao)。對依(yi)法通過競爭性談判或單一(yi)來(lai)源方式確定(ding)供應(ying)商的政府采購工程(cheng)建設項目，符(fu)合相應(ying)條件的應(ying)當頒(ban)發施工許可證(zheng)。

三、完善(shan)工程建設組織模式

（三）加快推行工(gong)程總承包(bao)。裝(zhuang)配(pei)式(shi)建筑原則上應采(cai)用工(gong)程總承(cheng)包模式(shi)。政府投(tou)資工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)應完(wan)善建設管理模式，帶頭推(tui)行工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)包。加快完(wan)善工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)包相關的招標(biao)(biao)投(tou)標(biao)(biao)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)許(xu)可、竣工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)驗(yan)收等制度規定。按照總(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)包負總(zong)(zong)(zong)責的原則，落實工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)包單位在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質量(liang)安全、進度控制、成本管理等方面的責任。除(chu)以(yi)暫估價形式包括在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)包范圍內且依法必(bi)須(xu)進行招標(biao)(biao)的項目外，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)總(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)包單位可以(yi)直接發包總(zong)(zong)(zong)承(cheng)(cheng)包合同中涵蓋的其他(ta)專業業務(wu)。

（四）培育全過程工(gong)程咨詢。鼓勵投資咨詢(xun)、勘察、設(she)計(ji)、監理、招標代(dai)理、造價等(deng)企(qi)業采取聯合經營、并購重組等(deng)方式(shi)發展全(quan)過程工程咨詢(xun)，培育一(yi)批具有(you)國際水平的全(quan)過程工程咨詢(xun)企(qi)業。制(zhi)定全(quan)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)咨詢(xun)服務技術標準和合同范本。政(zheng)府(fu)投資工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)應帶頭推行(xing)全(quan)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)咨詢(xun)，鼓(gu)勵(li)非政(zheng)府(fu)投資工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)委托全(quan)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)咨詢(xun)服務。在民用(yong)建筑項目中，充分(fen)發揮(hui)建筑師的(de)主導(dao)作用(yong)，鼓(gu)勵(li)提供全(quan)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)咨詢(xun)服務。

四、加強工程質量(liang)安全管理

（五）嚴格(ge)落實工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質量責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)。全面(mian)落實各(ge)方主體(ti)的(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質量責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)，特別要強化建(jian)設(she)單位(wei)的(de)首要責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)和(he)勘(kan)察(cha)、設(she)計、施工(gong)(gong)單位(wei)的(de)主體(ti)責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)。嚴格(ge)執(zhi)行(xing)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質量終身(shen)責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)制，在建(jian)筑物明(ming)顯(xian)部(bu)位(wei)設(she)置永久性標牌，公(gong)示(shi)(shi)質量責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)主體(ti)和(he)主要責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)人。對違反有關規定(ding)、造(zao)成工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質量事故的(de)，依法給予責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)單位(wei)停(ting)業(ye)整頓(dun)、降(jiang)低資質等(deng)級、吊銷資質證書等(deng)行(xing)政(zheng)處罰(fa)并通過國家企業(ye)信用信息公(gong)示(shi)(shi)系統予以公(gong)示(shi)(shi)，給予注冊執(zhi)業(ye)人員(yuan)暫停(ting)執(zhi)業(ye)、吊銷資格(ge)證書、一定(ding)時間(jian)直(zhi)至(zhi)終身(shen)不(bu)得進入行(xing)業(ye)等(deng)處罰(fa)。對發(fa)生工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質量事故造(zao)成損失的(de)，要依法追究經(jing)(jing)濟(ji)賠償(chang)責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)，情節(jie)嚴重的(de)要追究有關單位(wei)和(he)人員(yuan)的(de)法律責(ze)任(ren)(ren)(ren)。參(can)與(yu)房地(di)產(chan)開發(fa)的(de)建(jian)筑業(ye)企業(ye)應(ying)依法合規經(jing)(jing)營(ying)，提高住宅品質。

（六）加強安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產管(guan)(guan)理。全(quan)(quan)(quan)面落實安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產責任，加強施工現場安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)防護，特別要強化對深基坑(keng)、高支(zhi)模(mo)、起重(zhong)機械等危險性較大的分部分項工程(cheng)的管(guan)(guan)理，以(yi)及對不良地(di)質(zhi)地(di)區重(zhong)大工程(cheng)項目的風險評估或(huo)論證。推進信息(xi)技術與安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產深度融合(he)，加快建設建筑施工安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)監管(guan)(guan)信息(xi)系統，通過信息(xi)化手段加強安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產管(guan)(guan)理。建立健全(quan)(quan)(quan)全(quan)(quan)(quan)覆蓋、多層(ceng)次(ci)、經常性的安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產培訓(xun)制(zhi)度，提升(sheng)從業人員安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)素質(zhi)以(yi)及各方主體的本質(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)水(shui)平。

（七）全(quan)面提高監管水平(ping)。完善工程質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)安(an)全(quan)法(fa)(fa)律法(fa)(fa)規和(he)管理(li)(li)制度(du)，健全(quan)企業負責(ze)、政府監管、社會監督(du)的(de)(de)(de)工程質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)安(an)全(quan)保障(zhang)體系。強化(hua)政府對工程質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)監管，明確(que)監管范圍，落實監管責(ze)任，加大(da)抽(chou)查(cha)抽(chou)測(ce)力度(du)，重點加強對涉及(ji)公共安(an)全(quan)的(de)(de)(de)工程地(di)(di)基基礎、主體結(jie)構(gou)等部位和(he)竣工驗收(shou)等環節的(de)(de)(de)監督(du)檢(jian)查(cha)。加強工程質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監督(du)隊伍建設，監督(du)機(ji)構(gou)履行(xing)職能所需經(jing)費由同級財(cai)政預算全(quan)額保障(zhang)。政府可采取購買服務的(de)(de)(de)方式，委托具備條(tiao)件的(de)(de)(de)社會力量(liang)(liang)進(jin)行(xing)工程質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監督(du)檢(jian)查(cha)。推進(jin)工程質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)安(an)全(quan)標準(zhun)化(hua)管理(li)(li)，督(du)促各方主體健全(quan)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)安(an)全(quan)管控(kong)機(ji)制。強化(hua)對工程監理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)監管，選(xuan)擇部分地(di)(di)區開展(zhan)(zhan)監理(li)(li)單位向政府報(bao)告質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)監理(li)(li)情況的(de)(de)(de)試點。加強工程質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)檢(jian)測(ce)機(ji)構(gou)管理(li)(li)，嚴厲打擊出具虛(xu)假(jia)報(bao)告等行(xing)為。推動(dong)發展(zhan)(zhan)工程質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)保險。

五、優化建筑市(shi)場環境

（八）建(jian)(jian)立統一開放市場。打(da)破區(qu)(qu)域市場準入壁壘(lei)，取消各地區(qu)(qu)、各行業(ye)在(zai)法(fa)(fa)律、行政法(fa)(fa)規(gui)和(he)國(guo)務院規(gui)定外對建(jian)(jian)筑業(ye)企業(ye)設置的不合(he)理準入條件；嚴禁擅自(zi)設立或(huo)變(bian)相設立審批、備(bei)案事項，為(wei)建(jian)(jian)筑業(ye)企業(ye)提供公平(ping)市場環(huan)境。完善全(quan)國(guo)建(jian)(jian)筑市場監(jian)管公共(gong)服務平(ping)臺，加快實現與全(quan)國(guo)信(xin)用信(xin)息共(gong)享(xiang)平(ping)臺和(he)國(guo)家(jia)企業(ye)信(xin)用信(xin)息公示系統的數據(ju)共(gong)享(xiang)交換。建(jian)(jian)立建(jian)(jian)筑市場主體黑名單制度，依法(fa)(fa)依規(gui)全(quan)面公開企業(ye)和(he)個人(ren)信(xin)用記錄(lu)，接受社會監(jian)督(du)。

（九）加強(qiang)承包履約(yue)(yue)管理(li)。引導承包企業以銀行保(bao)(bao)(bao)函(han)或擔保(bao)(bao)(bao)公司保(bao)(bao)(bao)函(han)的(de)形(xing)式，向(xiang)建設單位提供履約(yue)(yue)擔保(bao)(bao)(bao)。對采用常規通用技(ji)術標準(zhun)的(de)政府投資工程(cheng)，在原則上實行最低價(jia)(jia)中標的(de)同(tong)時，有效發揮履約(yue)(yue)擔保(bao)(bao)(bao)的(de)作用，防止(zhi)惡意低價(jia)(jia)中標，確保(bao)(bao)(bao)工程(cheng)投資不超(chao)預算(suan)。嚴厲查處轉包和(he)(he)違(wei)法(fa)分包等行為。完善工程(cheng)量清(qing)單計(ji)價(jia)(jia)體(ti)系和(he)(he)工程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)信息(xi)發布機(ji)制，形(xing)成統一的(de)工程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)計(ji)價(jia)(jia)規則，合理(li)確定和(he)(he)有效控(kong)制工程(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)(jia)。

（十）規范(fan)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)價款(kuan)(kuan)結(jie)算。審(shen)計機(ji)關應依(yi)法加強對以政府投(tou)資為主的公共工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)(she)項目的審(shen)計監督(du)，建設(she)(she)單位不得將未完(wan)成審(shen)計作為延期工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)結(jie)算、拖(tuo)欠(qian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)款(kuan)(kuan)的理(li)(li)由。未完(wan)成竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)結(jie)算的項目，有關部門不予辦理(li)(li)產(chan)權登記。對長(chang)期拖(tuo)欠(qian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)款(kuan)(kuan)的單位不得批準新項目開工(gong)(gong)。嚴格執行工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)預(yu)(yu)付(fu)款(kuan)(kuan)制度，及時按合同約(yue)定足額(e)向承包單位支付(fu)預(yu)(yu)付(fu)款(kuan)(kuan)。通過(guo)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)款(kuan)(kuan)支付(fu)擔保等經濟、法律手段約(yue)束建設(she)(she)單位履約(yue)行為，預(yu)(yu)防拖(tuo)欠(qian)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)款(kuan)(kuan)。

六、提高從業人(ren)員素質

（十一(yi)）加快(kuai)培養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)建筑(zhu)人(ren)才。積極培育既有國(guo)際(ji)視野又有民族自信的建筑(zhu)師隊伍。加快(kuai)培養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)熟悉國(guo)際(ji)規則(ze)的建筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)高(gao)級管理(li)人(ren)才。大(da)力推(tui)進校(xiao)企(qi)合作，培養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)建筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)專業(ye)(ye)人(ren)才。加強工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程現(xian)場管理(li)人(ren)員和建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)的教育培訓(xun)。健全建筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)職業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)標準體系，全面實施建筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)職業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)鑒定(ding)(ding)(ding)制度(du)。發展一(yi)批建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)鑒定(ding)(ding)(ding)機構，開展建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)評價(jia)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作。通(tong)過制定(ding)(ding)(ding)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)現(xian)場技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)基本配備標準、發布各(ge)個技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)等(deng)級和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)種(zhong)的人(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成本信息等(deng)方(fang)式，引(yin)導企(qi)業(ye)(ye)將(jiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資分配向關(guan)鍵技(ji)(ji)(ji)術技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)崗位傾斜。大(da)力弘(hong)揚工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)匠精神，培養(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)高(gao)素質建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)，到2020年(nian)建筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)中(zhong)級工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)能(neng)水平以上的建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)數量達到300萬(wan)，2025年(nian)達到1000萬(wan)。

（十二(er)）改革建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)用工(gong)(gong)制度。推動建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)勞務(wu)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)轉(zhuan)型(xing)，大力(li)發(fa)展木工(gong)(gong)、電工(gong)(gong)、砌筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)、鋼筋制作等以(yi)(yi)作業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為主的專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。以(yi)(yi)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人的主要載體(ti)，逐步(bu)實(shi)現(xian)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人公司(si)化、專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)化管理(li)。鼓(gu)勵現(xian)有專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)進一步(bu)做專做精，增強競爭(zheng)力(li)，推動形(xing)成一批以(yi)(yi)作業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)為主的建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)專業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。促進建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農民(min)工(gong)(gong)向技術工(gong)(gong)人轉(zhuan)型(xing)，著力(li)穩定(ding)和擴大建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)農民(min)工(gong)(gong)就業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)創業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)立全國(guo)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人管理(li)服務(wu)信息平(ping)臺(tai)，開展建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人實(shi)名制管理(li)，記(ji)錄建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)人的身份(fen)信息、培(pei)訓情況、職業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)技能(neng)、從(cong)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)記(ji)錄等信息，逐步(bu)實(shi)現(xian)全覆蓋(gai)。

（十三）保(bao)護工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)合(he)(he)法(fa)權益。全(quan)面落實勞動合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)制度，加大監(jian)察力度，督促施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)位與招用(yong)的(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)依法(fa)簽(qian)訂勞動合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)，到(dao)2020年基(ji)本實現勞動合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)全(quan)覆蓋。健(jian)全(quan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資支(zhi)付(fu)保(bao)障制度，按照誰用(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)誰負(fu)責(ze)和總承包負(fu)總責(ze)的(de)原則(ze)，落實企業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資支(zhi)付(fu)責(ze)任，依法(fa)按月足額發放工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資。將存在(zai)拖欠工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資行為(wei)的(de)企業(ye)列入黑(hei)名單(dan)，對其采取限(xian)制市(shi)場(chang)準入等(deng)懲戒措(cuo)施，情節(jie)嚴重的(de)降低資質(zhi)等(deng)級(ji)。建(jian)(jian)(jian)立健(jian)全(quan)與建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)相適應的(de)社會保(bao)險參保(bao)繳費方式，大力推進建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)位參加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)傷保(bao)險。施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)位應履行社會責(ze)任，不(bu)斷(duan)改善建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作環(huan)境(jing)，提升職業(ye)健(jian)康水平(ping)，促進建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)(ren)穩定(ding)就業(ye)。

七、推進建筑產(chan)業現代(dai)化

（十(shi)四）推廣(guang)智能(neng)和(he)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)式建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)。堅(jian)持標準化設計、工(gong)廠化生產(chan)、裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)化施工(gong)、一體(ti)化裝(zhuang)(zhuang)修、信息化管理(li)、智能(neng)化應(ying)用(yong)，推動建(jian)(jian)造方式創新，大力(li)發展裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)式混凝土和(he)鋼結(jie)構(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)，在具備條件的地方倡導發展現代(dai)木(mu)結(jie)構(gou)(gou)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)，不斷提高裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)式建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)在新建(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)中的比例。力(li)爭用(yong)10年(nian)左右的時間，使裝(zhuang)(zhuang)配(pei)式建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)占新建(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)面(mian)積的比例達到(dao)30%。在新建(jian)(jian)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)和(he)既有建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)改造中推廣(guang)普(pu)及(ji)智能(neng)化應(ying)用(yong)，完善(shan)智能(neng)化系(xi)統運(yun)行維護機制，實現建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)舒(shu)適(shi)安全、節(jie)能(neng)高效。

（十五）提(ti)升(sheng)建筑設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)水(shui)平(ping)(ping)。建筑設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)應(ying)體現地域特(te)征、民(min)族特(te)點和(he)時代(dai)風貌，突(tu)出建筑使用(yong)功能(neng)及節能(neng)、節水(shui)、節地、節材和(he)環保等要求，提(ti)供功能(neng)適(shi)用(yong)、經濟(ji)合(he)理、安(an)全(quan)(quan)可(ke)靠、技術先進(jin)、環境協調的(de)建筑設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)產品。健全(quan)(quan)適(shi)應(ying)建筑設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)特(te)點的(de)招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)投標(biao)(biao)制度，推行(xing)設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)團(tuan)隊招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)、設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)方案招(zhao)(zhao)標(biao)(biao)等方式。促(cu)進(jin)國(guo)內(nei)外(wai)建筑設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)企業公平(ping)(ping)競爭(zheng)，培育有(you)國(guo)際競爭(zheng)力的(de)建筑設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)隊伍。倡導開展建筑評論，促(cu)進(jin)建筑設(she)(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)理念的(de)融合(he)和(he)升(sheng)華。

（十六）加(jia)強技(ji)術(shu)研(yan)發(fa)應(ying)用。加(jia)快(kuai)先進建(jian)造(zao)設(she)備、智能設(she)備的(de)研(yan)發(fa)、制(zhi)造(zao)和(he)(he)推廣應(ying)用，提升(sheng)各類施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機具的(de)性能和(he)(he)效(xiao)率，提高(gao)機械化(hua)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)度。限制(zhi)和(he)(he)淘汰落后、危(wei)險工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)法，保(bao)障生(sheng)產施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)安全。積極(ji)支持建(jian)筑業科研(yan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，大(da)幅提高(gao)技(ji)術(shu)創新對產業發(fa)展的(de)貢(gong)獻(xian)率。加(jia)快(kuai)推進建(jian)筑信息模型（BIM）技(ji)術(shu)在規劃(hua)、勘察、設(she)計、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)(he)運營(ying)維(wei)護全過(guo)程(cheng)的(de)集成應(ying)用，實現工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)項(xiang)(xiang)目全生(sheng)命周期(qi)數據共享和(he)(he)信息化(hua)管理(li)，為項(xiang)(xiang)目方(fang)案優化(hua)和(he)(he)科學決策提供(gong)依(yi)據，促進建(jian)筑業提質增效(xiao)。

（十(shi)七）完善工(gong)(gong)程建設標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)。整合(he)精(jing)簡(jian)強(qiang)制(zhi)性(xing)(xing)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，適度提(ti)高(gao)安(an)全、質量、性(xing)(xing)能、健康、節能等(deng)強(qiang)制(zhi)性(xing)(xing)指標(biao)(biao)(biao)要求，逐(zhu)步(bu)提(ti)高(gao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)水平。積極(ji)培育(yu)團體標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，鼓勵具備相應(ying)能力的(de)(de)行(xing)業協(xie)會、產業聯盟等(deng)主體共同制(zhi)定滿足(zu)市(shi)場和創新需(xu)要的(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)，建立強(qiang)制(zhi)性(xing)(xing)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)與團體標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)相結合(he)的(de)(de)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)供給體制(zhi)，增(zeng)加標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)有(you)效供給。及時開展標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)復審，加快標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)修訂，提(ti)高(gao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)時效性(xing)(xing)。加強(qiang)科技研(yan)發與標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)制(zhi)定的(de)(de)信息(xi)溝通，建立全國工(gong)(gong)程建設標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)專(zhuan)家委員會，為工(gong)(gong)程建設標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)化工(gong)(gong)作提(ti)供技術支撐，提(ti)高(gao)標(biao)(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)(de)質量和水平。

八、加快(kuai)建(jian)筑業企業“走出去”

（十八(ba)）加(jia)強中外(wai)(wai)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)銜接。積極開(kai)展中外(wai)(wai)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)對(dui)比研究，適應(ying)國(guo)際(ji)通行的(de)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)內容結構(gou)、要素指(zhi)標(biao)(biao)和(he)(he)相關術語(yu)，縮小中國(guo)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)與國(guo)外(wai)(wai)先(xian)進標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)技術差距。加(jia)大(da)中國(guo)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)外(wai)(wai)文版(ban)翻譯和(he)(he)宣傳推廣力度，以“一帶一路”戰略為(wei)引領，優先(xian)在對(dui)外(wai)(wai)投資(zi)、技術輸(shu)出(chu)和(he)(he)援建工程(cheng)項目中推廣應(ying)用。積極參(can)加(jia)國(guo)際(ji)標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)認證(zheng)、交(jiao)流等活動，開(kai)展工程(cheng)技術標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)的(de)雙邊合作。到2025年，實現(xian)工程(cheng)建設(she)國(guo)家標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)(zhun)(zhun)全(quan)部有外(wai)(wai)文版(ban)。

（十九(jiu)）提(ti)高(gao)(gao)對(dui)(dui)(dui)外(wai)承(cheng)包能力(li)。統籌(chou)協調建(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)“走出去”，充分發(fa)揮我國(guo)建(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)高(gao)(gao)鐵、公(gong)路、電力(li)、港口、機(ji)場、油氣長輸管(guan)道、高(gao)(gao)層建(jian)筑等(deng)(deng)工程建(jian)設方(fang)面(mian)的(de)比較優勢，有(you)(you)目標(biao)、有(you)(you)重點、有(you)(you)組織地對(dui)(dui)(dui)外(wai)承(cheng)包工程，參與(yu)“一(yi)帶一(yi)路”建(jian)設。建(jian)筑業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)要加大(da)對(dui)(dui)(dui)國(guo)際(ji)(ji)標(biao)準(zhun)的(de)研(yan)究力(li)度，積極適應國(guo)際(ji)(ji)標(biao)準(zhun)，加強對(dui)(dui)(dui)外(wai)承(cheng)包工程質(zhi)量、履約等(deng)(deng)方(fang)面(mian)管(guan)理，在(zai)援外(wai)住房等(deng)(deng)民生項目中(zhong)發(fa)揮積極作用。鼓勵大(da)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)帶動中(zhong)小企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)、沿海沿邊地區企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)合作“出海”，積極有(you)(you)序開拓(tuo)國(guo)際(ji)(ji)市(shi)場，避免惡(e)性競爭。引導對(dui)(dui)(dui)外(wai)承(cheng)包工程企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)向項目融(rong)資(zi)、設計(ji)咨(zi)詢、后續運營維護管(guan)理等(deng)(deng)高(gao)(gao)附加值的(de)領域(yu)有(you)(you)序拓(tuo)展。推動企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)屬地化經營水(shui)平，實現與(yu)所在(zai)國(guo)家和(he)地區互利共贏。

（二十）加大政策扶持(chi)力度。加強建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑業“走出去”相(xiang)關主管部門(men)間的(de)(de)(de)溝通(tong)協調和(he)信息共享。到2025年，與大部分“一帶(dai)一路”沿(yan)線國家和(he)地區簽訂雙邊(bian)工(gong)程建(jian)(jian)(jian)設合(he)作備忘錄，同時(shi)爭取在雙邊(bian)自貿協定中納入(ru)相(xiang)關內(nei)容，推進建(jian)(jian)(jian)設領域(yu)執業資(zi)(zi)格國際(ji)互認。綜合(he)發揮各類金(jin)融(rong)工(gong)具的(de)(de)(de)作用，重點(dian)支持(chi)對(dui)外經濟合(he)作中建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑領域(yu)的(de)(de)(de)重大戰略項目。借鑒國際(ji)通(tong)行的(de)(de)(de)項目融(rong)資(zi)(zi)模式，按照風險可控、商業可持(chi)續(xu)原則，加大對(dui)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑業“走出去”的(de)(de)(de)金(jin)融(rong)支持(chi)力度。

各地區、各部門(men)要高度重(zhong)視(shi)深化建筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)改革工作，健全(quan)工作機制，明確任務分工，及時研究(jiu)解決建筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)改革發展中的(de)重(zhong)大問題，完善(shan)相關(guan)(guan)政(zheng)策(ce)，確保按期完成各項(xiang)改革任務。加(jia)快(kuai)推動(dong)修訂建筑(zhu)法(fa)、招(zhao)標投標法(fa)等(deng)法(fa)律，完善(shan)相關(guan)(guan)法(fa)律法(fa)規(gui)。充(chong)分發揮協會(hui)商會(hui)熟悉行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)、貼近企業(ye)(ye)的(de)優勢，及時反(fan)映企業(ye)(ye)訴求，反(fan)饋政(zheng)策(ce)落實情況，發揮好規(gui)范行(xing)(xing)業(ye)(ye)秩序、建立從業(ye)(ye)人員(yuan)行(xing)(xing)為準則、促進企業(ye)(ye)誠信經營等(deng)方面的(de)自律作用。

　　　　　　　   國務院辦公廳(ting)

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　   　　2017年2月21日

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